Questions and Answers
Which type of immune response targets infected cells directly, triggering their self-destruction?
Cell-mediated response
What is the primary function of helper T cells in the immune response?
Stimulating and coordinating other immune cells
Which component of the immune system serves as the first line of defense against pathogens?
External barriers like skin and mucous membranes
What is the primary mechanism by which the humoral immune response neutralizes pathogens?
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Which immune response is triggered when pathogens breach the first line of defense?
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Which type of immune response involves the production of antibodies specific to a particular pathogen?
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Study Notes
- The immune system is a complex network of cells that work together to protect the body from pathogens such as viruses, bacteria, fungi, and parasites.
- The first line of defense includes external barriers like the skin and mucous membranes, which serve as nonspecific protection against pathogens.
- If pathogens breach the first line of defense, the second line of defense kicks in with the inflammatory response, where cells release substances like histamine to attract white blood cells to the site of infection.
- The third line of defense is the specific immune response, involving adaptive immunity that targets specific pathogens through cell-mediated and humoral responses.
- In the cell-mediated response, cytotoxic T cells destroy infected cells by releasing signals that trigger apoptosis, or self-destruction of the infected cell.
- Helper T cells play a crucial role in both the cell-mediated and humoral responses by stimulating the immune cells to target and eliminate pathogens.
- The humoral response involves B cells producing antibodies that bind to antigens on pathogens, deactivating them and marking them for destruction by other immune cells.
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