Immunology Quiz (BMS Learning Outcomes)

<p>Basophils (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Dendritic cells (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>B cells and T cells (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Neutrophils (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>It can remember pathogens (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Bone marrow (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Antigen presentation (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Thymus (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Recruit other immune cells (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Cell-mediated immunity (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Responds immediately to pathogens (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Spleen (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Basophils and Eosinophils (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Plasma cells (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Alternative pathway (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Parasites (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>CD4+ cells primarily mediate immune responses (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Bone marrow is where all immune cells are formed. B lymphocytes mature here, while T lymphocytes travel to the thymus.

The thymus is the site where T cells mature and develop their immune functions.

Lymph nodes are small, bean-shaped organs that filter lymph fluid and house immune cells like T and B lymphocytes. They play a crucial role in recognizing and fighting infections.

The spleen is a large organ that filters blood, stores platelets and white blood cells, and destroys old or damaged red blood cells. It's also involved in recognizing and responding to pathogens in the blood.

Macrophages are large phagocytic cells that engulf and destroy pathogens, old cells, and debris. They also present antigens to T cells, which helps activate the adaptive immune response.

Neutrophils are a type of white blood cell that are the first responders to infection. They use phagocytosis to engulf bacteria and fungi, and they release substances that kill these invaders.

Eosinophils are a type of white blood cell that primarily target parasites. They release substances that damage and kill these larger invaders.

Basophils are white blood cells involved in allergic reactions. They release histamine, which causes inflammation, and other substances that contribute to the allergic response.

The innate immune system is the body's first line of defense against pathogens. It is a general, nonspecific response that does not target specific invaders.

The adaptive immune system is a highly specific immune response that targets particular pathogens. It involves the development of memory cells that allow for a faster and more effective response to reinfection.

WBCs with granules rich in histamine and heparin, derived from bone marrow myeloid stem cells, mature in tissues, and are crucial for innate immunity, particularly against parasitic infections and allergic reactions.

Mononuclear leukocytes that link innate and adaptive immunity, acting as messengers between the two systems. They are the most potent antigen-presenting cells, activating T cells and driving B cell differentiation to initiate adaptive immune responses.

Mononuclear leukocytes responsible for humoral (antibody-mediated) immunity. They mature in the bone marrow and differentiate into plasma cells (antibody-secreting) and memory cells, providing long-term immunity.

Mononuclear leukocytes that mature in the thymus and are crucial for cell-mediated immunity. They differentiate into T helper cells (CD4+) and cytotoxic T cells (CD8+), playing a vital role in controlling intracellular infections, eliminating virus-infected and tumor cells, and assisting B cell responses.

The body's immediate, non-specific defense against pathogens, effective within hours of exposure. It relies on physical barriers, physiological mechanisms, and innate immune cells like macrophages and NK cells.

The specific, long-lasting immune response that develops after exposure to an antigen. It involves T cells, B cells, and antibodies, providing long-term protection against specific pathogens.

The body's response to tissue damage or microbial invasion, characterized by redness, swelling, heat, and pain. It aims to isolate and destroy pathogens, remove debris, and promote healing.

A group of proteins in blood that act as a complex enzyme cascade, playing a critical role in innate immunity by complementing other immune components.

Glycoproteins that act as messengers within the immune system, regulating immune responses by either stimulating or suppressing immune cell activity. Examples include cytokines secreted by helper T cells and macrophages.

Specialized cells that kill infected cells or tumors without prior sensitization, representing part of innate immune defense.