Immune System Modulation & Microbiome Therapy
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Questions and Answers

What percentage of daily host energy requirement is provided by the gut microbiota?

  • 10-15%
  • 15-20%
  • 5-10% (correct)
  • 1-2%

    • Which of the following is NOT a function of the gut microbiota?

  • Modifying drugs
  • Producing neurotransmitters
  • Breaking down bile salts
  • Synthesizing proteins (correct)

    • What is the approximate number of microbial genes in the fecal microbiome?

  • 99 million
  • 1 million
  • 990 million
  • 9.9 million (correct)

    • Which phylum is NOT one of the two major phyla in the gut microbiota?

    <p>Proteobacteria</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) produced by the gut microbiota?

    <p>Epithelial cell homeostasis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following diseases is NOT associated with an imbalance in the gut microbiota?

    <p>Trauma</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary focus of the 7 themes discussed in the course?

    <p>Exploring the current and future therapies and treatment options</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Who is the speaker in the introductory lecture 'The microbiome as target for therapy'?

    <p>K. Lenaerts</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the topic of the additional lecture in Week 7?

    <p>Interaction between the immune system and nervous system</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the title of the paper discussed in the journal club session?

    <p>Intestinal microbiota-derived short chain fatty acids regulation of immune cell IL-22 production and gut immunity</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the topic of the tutorial session in Week 7?

    <p>Exploiting the gut microbiome to prevent and treat human disease</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How many themes are discussed in the course?

    <p>7</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the effect of feeding Bacteroides fragilis in the Maternal immune activation (MIA) model?

    <p>Ameliorated intestinal dysbiosis and restored mucosal barrier integrity</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is associated with protection against, or development of childhood allergic disease?

    <p>House dust microbiota</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of certain microbes in the efficacy of cancer immunotherapy?

    <p>They enhance the efficacy of cancer immunotherapy</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is integrated into an algorithm that predicts individualized postprandial glycemic responses?

    <p>Clinical and microbiome factors</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the correlation between A.muciniphila abundance and overweight, obesity, and untreated type 2 diabetes mellitus?

    <p>Negative correlation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a prebiotic, as defined by Gibson et al.?

    <p>A substrate that is selectively utilized by host microorganisms conferring a health benefit</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a factor that contributes to gut microbiota composition?

    <p>Early life</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was the outcome of the 12-week GOS supplementation study in overweight or obese, prediabetic men and women?

    <p>There was a significant improvement in glucose metabolism</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is associated with rapid and reproducible gut microbiota responses?

    <p>Vegetable and meat-restricted diets</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a characteristic of postprandial glycemic responses?

    <p>They are associated with clinical and microbiome factors</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the mechanism by which Bacteroides fragilis ameliorates intestinal dysbiosis and restores mucosal barrier integrity?

    <p>Through the production of 4-ethylphenylsulphate</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a result of oral supplementation or nasal exposure of mice to protective house dust?

    <p>Prevention of airway sensitization</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary goal of fecal microbiota transplantation?

    <p>To replace the entire microbial ecosystem in the intestine with the fecal matter of a healthy donor</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for a mixture of live microorganisms and substrate(s) that confers a health benefit on the host?

    <p>Synbiotics</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary indication for which fecal microbiota transplantation has been introduced into routine clinical practice?

    <p>Recurrent Clostridium difficile infection</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the name of the publication that published the results of a small, open-label, randomized, controlled trial on fecal microbiota transplantation?

    <p>New England Journal of Medicine</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the name of the authors who published a study on fecal microbiota transplantation in the New England Journal of Medicine?

    <p>Van Nood et al.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for the communication between the intestine and the immune system?

    <p>Crosstalk intestine diet immunity</p> Signup and view all the answers

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