Immune System Modulation & Microbiome Therapy

Play an AI-generated podcast conversation about this lesson

What percentage of daily host energy requirement is provided by the gut microbiota?

10-15%

15-20%

5-10% (correct)

1-2%

Which of the following is NOT a function of the gut microbiota?

Modifying drugs

Producing neurotransmitters

Breaking down bile salts

Synthesizing proteins (correct)

What is the approximate number of microbial genes in the fecal microbiome?

99 million

1 million

990 million

9.9 million (correct)

Which phylum is NOT one of the two major phyla in the gut microbiota?

Proteobacteria Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) produced by the gut microbiota?

Epithelial cell homeostasis Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following diseases is NOT associated with an imbalance in the gut microbiota?

Trauma Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary focus of the 7 themes discussed in the course?

Exploring the current and future therapies and treatment options Signup and view all the answers

Who is the speaker in the introductory lecture 'The microbiome as target for therapy'?

K. Lenaerts Signup and view all the answers

What is the topic of the additional lecture in Week 7?

Interaction between the immune system and nervous system Signup and view all the answers

What is the title of the paper discussed in the journal club session?

Intestinal microbiota-derived short chain fatty acids regulation of immune cell IL-22 production and gut immunity Signup and view all the answers

What is the topic of the tutorial session in Week 7?

Exploiting the gut microbiome to prevent and treat human disease Signup and view all the answers

How many themes are discussed in the course?

7 Signup and view all the answers

What is the effect of feeding Bacteroides fragilis in the Maternal immune activation (MIA) model?

Ameliorated intestinal dysbiosis and restored mucosal barrier integrity Signup and view all the answers

What is associated with protection against, or development of childhood allergic disease?

House dust microbiota Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of certain microbes in the efficacy of cancer immunotherapy?

They enhance the efficacy of cancer immunotherapy Signup and view all the answers

What is integrated into an algorithm that predicts individualized postprandial glycemic responses?

Clinical and microbiome factors Signup and view all the answers

What is the correlation between A.muciniphila abundance and overweight, obesity, and untreated type 2 diabetes mellitus?

Negative correlation Signup and view all the answers

What is a prebiotic, as defined by Gibson et al.?

A substrate that is selectively utilized by host microorganisms conferring a health benefit Signup and view all the answers

What is a factor that contributes to gut microbiota composition?

Early life Signup and view all the answers

What was the outcome of the 12-week GOS supplementation study in overweight or obese, prediabetic men and women?

There was a significant improvement in glucose metabolism Signup and view all the answers

What is associated with rapid and reproducible gut microbiota responses?

Vegetable and meat-restricted diets Signup and view all the answers

What is a characteristic of postprandial glycemic responses?

They are associated with clinical and microbiome factors Signup and view all the answers

What is the mechanism by which Bacteroides fragilis ameliorates intestinal dysbiosis and restores mucosal barrier integrity?

Through the production of 4-ethylphenylsulphate Signup and view all the answers

What is a result of oral supplementation or nasal exposure of mice to protective house dust?

Prevention of airway sensitization Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary goal of fecal microbiota transplantation?

To replace the entire microbial ecosystem in the intestine with the fecal matter of a healthy donor Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for a mixture of live microorganisms and substrate(s) that confers a health benefit on the host?

Synbiotics Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary indication for which fecal microbiota transplantation has been introduced into routine clinical practice?

Recurrent Clostridium difficile infection Signup and view all the answers

What is the name of the publication that published the results of a small, open-label, randomized, controlled trial on fecal microbiota transplantation?

New England Journal of Medicine Signup and view all the answers

What is the name of the authors who published a study on fecal microbiota transplantation in the New England Journal of Medicine?

Van Nood et al. Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for the communication between the intestine and the immune system?

Crosstalk intestine diet immunity Signup and view all the answers