Podcast
Questions and Answers
Which of the following is the chief clinical use of NSAIDS?
Which of the following is the chief clinical use of NSAIDS?
Which of the following is NOT an adverse reaction of Aspirin?
Which of the following is NOT an adverse reaction of Aspirin?
Which mediator is responsible for inducing fever?
Which mediator is responsible for inducing fever?
What is the clinical use of Aspirin?
What is the clinical use of Aspirin?
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Which of the following is an adverse reaction of Aspirin?
Which of the following is an adverse reaction of Aspirin?
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What is the role of IL-1 in the body?
What is the role of IL-1 in the body?
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Which enzyme is responsible for metabolizing Aspirin?
Which enzyme is responsible for metabolizing Aspirin?
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Which body fluid is Acetaminophen uniformly distributed to?
Which body fluid is Acetaminophen uniformly distributed to?
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What is the role of TNFα in the body?
What is the role of TNFα in the body?
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Which enzyme is responsible for metabolizing Acetaminophen?
Which enzyme is responsible for metabolizing Acetaminophen?
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Where is Aspirin distributed in the body?
Where is Aspirin distributed in the body?
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Which of the following is a common adverse reaction of Aspirin?
Which of the following is a common adverse reaction of Aspirin?
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Which of the following is an adverse reaction of Acetaminophen?
Which of the following is an adverse reaction of Acetaminophen?
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Which of the following adverse reactions is most common with Acetaminophen overdose?
Which of the following adverse reactions is most common with Acetaminophen overdose?
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Which of the following is NOT an adverse reaction of Ibuprofen?
Which of the following is NOT an adverse reaction of Ibuprofen?
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Which of the following is NOT A suitable use of Acetaminophen?
Which of the following is NOT A suitable use of Acetaminophen?
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Which enzyme is necessary for cytoprotection in the GI tract?
Which enzyme is necessary for cytoprotection in the GI tract?
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What is the half life of Naproxen?
What is the half life of Naproxen?
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Which adverse reaction is commonly associated with Naproxen?
Which adverse reaction is commonly associated with Naproxen?
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Which enzyme is believed to be the main producer of prostanoid mediators of inflammation?
Which enzyme is believed to be the main producer of prostanoid mediators of inflammation?
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What is the primary pharmacodynamic effect of Acetaminophen?
What is the primary pharmacodynamic effect of Acetaminophen?
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Which enzyme is constitutively active and expressed in most tissues?
Which enzyme is constitutively active and expressed in most tissues?
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Which enzyme is induced in inflammatory cells and plays a crucial role in the pain response?
Which enzyme is induced in inflammatory cells and plays a crucial role in the pain response?
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Which adverse reaction is commonly associated with Celecoxib?
Which adverse reaction is commonly associated with Celecoxib?
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What is the half-life of Celecoxib?
What is the half-life of Celecoxib?
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Which body system is most affected by the adverse reaction of Celecoxib?
Which body system is most affected by the adverse reaction of Celecoxib?
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Which enzyme is inhibited by Celecoxib?
Which enzyme is inhibited by Celecoxib?
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Which enzyme does Methotrexate inhibit?
Which enzyme does Methotrexate inhibit?
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What is the lag phase before observing the clinical effect of Methotrexate in rheumatoid arthritis?
What is the lag phase before observing the clinical effect of Methotrexate in rheumatoid arthritis?
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What effect does Methotrexate have on adenosine release by neutrophils?
What effect does Methotrexate have on adenosine release by neutrophils?
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What is the effect of Celecoxib on platelet aggregation at usual doses?
What is the effect of Celecoxib on platelet aggregation at usual doses?
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How does the selectivity of Celecoxib for COX-2 compare to COX-1?
How does the selectivity of Celecoxib for COX-2 compare to COX-1?
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Which drug is a chimeric monoclonal antibody that binds with high affinity and specificity to human TNFα?
Which drug is a chimeric monoclonal antibody that binds with high affinity and specificity to human TNFα?
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What is the primary indication for Infliximab therapy?
What is the primary indication for Infliximab therapy?
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What is the prevalence of anti-Infliximab antibodies formation in patients receiving Infliximab?
What is the prevalence of anti-Infliximab antibodies formation in patients receiving Infliximab?
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Which therapy greatly reduces the prevalence of anti-drug antibodies formation in patients receiving Infliximab?
Which therapy greatly reduces the prevalence of anti-drug antibodies formation in patients receiving Infliximab?
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Which adverse reaction is NOT associated with Infliximab?
Which adverse reaction is NOT associated with Infliximab?
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Which drug, in combination with methotrexate, is indicated for reducing signs and symptoms of moderate to severe active rheumatoid arthritis in patients who have had an inadequate response to methotrexate?
Which drug, in combination with methotrexate, is indicated for reducing signs and symptoms of moderate to severe active rheumatoid arthritis in patients who have had an inadequate response to methotrexate?
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Which medication binds to two TNFα molecules and inactivates them before they can trigger inflammation?
Which medication binds to two TNFα molecules and inactivates them before they can trigger inflammation?
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Which medication is a fully human IgG anti-TNF monoclonal antibody?
Which medication is a fully human IgG anti-TNF monoclonal antibody?
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Which medication has a serum peak 72 hours after subcutaneous injection?
Which medication has a serum peak 72 hours after subcutaneous injection?
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Which medication is known to cause rare CNS reactions, including seizures?
Which medication is known to cause rare CNS reactions, including seizures?
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Which medication has a half-life of up to 20 days?
Which medication has a half-life of up to 20 days?
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Which medication has a rare adverse effect of vasculitis?
Which medication has a rare adverse effect of vasculitis?
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Which medication binds two TNFα molecules and inactivates them before triggering inflammation?
Which medication binds two TNFα molecules and inactivates them before triggering inflammation?
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Which medication has an anti-antibody response that is inhibited by methotrexate?
Which medication has an anti-antibody response that is inhibited by methotrexate?
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Which medication binds to TNF and inactivates it before it can trigger inflammation?
Which medication binds to TNF and inactivates it before it can trigger inflammation?
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Which adverse effect is associated with Adalimumab?
Which adverse effect is associated with Adalimumab?
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Which medication is a recombinant fusion protein consisting of two soluble TNF p75 receptor moieties linked to the Fc portion of human IgG1?
Which medication is a recombinant fusion protein consisting of two soluble TNF p75 receptor moieties linked to the Fc portion of human IgG1?
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Study Notes
NSAIDs
- NSAIDs are primarily used to treat pain, reduce inflammation, and lower fever
- Aspirin is used to relieve mild to moderate pain, reduce inflammation, and lower fever
- Acetaminophen is used to relieve pain and reduce fever, but not to reduce inflammation
- NSAIDs work by inhibiting COX-1 and COX-2 enzymes, which produce prostaglandins that cause pain and inflammation
Adverse Reactions of Aspirin
- Common adverse reactions of Aspirin include gastrointestinal upset, bleeding, and ringing in the ears
- Aspirin can cause gastrointestinal bleeding and ulcers due to inhibition of COX-1
- Aspirin can also cause hypersensitivity reactions and Reye's syndrome in children
Metabolism of NSAIDs
- Aspirin is metabolized by esterase in the liver
- Acetaminophen is metabolized by CYP2E1 and glucuronidation in the liver
- Naproxen is metabolized by CYP2C9 and glucuronidation in the liver
Pharmacology of Acetaminophen
- Acetaminophen is uniformly distributed in the body fluids
- Acetaminophen has a primary pharmacodynamic effect of blocking the production of prostaglandins in the brain, which reduces fever
- The primary adverse effect of Acetaminophen overdose is liver damage
COX Enzymes
- COX-1 is constitutively active and expressed in most tissues
- COX-2 is induced in inflammatory cells and plays a crucial role in the pain response
- COX-2 is inhibited by Celecoxib, a selective COX-2 inhibitor
TNFα Inhibitors
- TNFα is a mediator of inflammation and fever
- Infliximab is a chimeric monoclonal antibody that binds to human TNFα
- Infliximab is indicated for moderate to severe active rheumatoid arthritis
- Adalimumab is a fully human IgG anti-TNF monoclonal antibody
- Etanercept is a recombinant fusion protein consisting of two soluble TNF p75 receptor moieties linked to the Fc portion of human IgG1
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Description
This quiz will test your knowledge on the roles and functions of IL-1, TNFα, IL-6, NSAIDs, and Aspirin in the immune system and clinical applications. Test your understanding of lymphocyte activation, mediator induction, monocyte/macrophage activation, and more.
