Immune System Development in Evolution and Individuals
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Questions and Answers

Which is the correct term for the developmental history of the immune system during evolution?

  • Antigen presentation
  • Innate immunity
  • Ontogeny
  • Phylogeny (correct)
  • What are the most primitive signs of an immune-like system?

  • Antigen-antibody complex formation
  • Complement system activation
  • Phagocytosis and inflammatory reactions (correct)
  • T-cell activation
  • Which group of vertebrates possesses a diffuse immune system and lacks distinct higher vertebrate immune structures?

  • Mammals
  • Cyclostomes (correct)
  • Reptiles
  • Amphibians
  • Which vertebrates produce a high molecular weight antibody comparable to human immunoglobulin M (IgM) upon exposure to foreign substances?

    <p>Hagfish and lampreys</p> Signup and view all the answers

    At what stage of life does the individual undergo progressive immunologic maturation or ontogeny?

    <p>Fetal, newborn, and young adult stages</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Where do cells responsible for nonspecific and specific immunity initially arise from?

    <p>Yolk sac</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How are maternal antibodies transmitted to the fetus during prenatal development?

    <p>Through the placenta</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In which vertebrates does the immune system reach its highest development?

    <p>Birds and mammals</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary lymphoid organ found in all jawed vertebrates?

    <p>Thymus</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the major difference between the mitotic activity of lymphocytes in primary and secondary lymphoid tissues?

    <p>Primary is antigen-independent, secondary is antigen-driven</p> Signup and view all the answers

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