Immune System Cells Quiz

Lymphocyte

• A type of white blood cell integral to the immune response.
• Subtypes include T cells (cell-mediated immunity) and B cells (antibody production).
• Play a crucial role in recognizing and responding to pathogens.

Basophil

• Least common type of granulocyte, involved in inflammatory responses.
• Releases histamine and other chemicals to mediate allergic reactions and asthma.
• Contains granules that stain dark blue with basic dyes, hence the name.

Eosinophil

• Primarily associated with combating parasitic infections and allergic reactions.
• Contains granules that stain red with acidic dyes, indicating its role in inflammation.
• Plays a role in modulating responses to allergens and asthma.

Monocyte

• Largest type of leukocyte, with a kidney-shaped nucleus.
• Develops into macrophages and dendritic cells once it migrates into tissues.
• Essential for phagocytosis and presenting antigens to T cells in immune responses.

Neutrophil

• Most abundant type of white blood cell, important for bacterial infection response.
• Characterized by a multi-lobed nucleus and granular cytoplasm.
• Contains enzymes that digest bacteria and cellular debris.

Megakaryocyte

• A large bone marrow cell responsible for producing platelets (thrombocytes).
• Plays a vital role in blood clotting and wound healing processes.
• Releases thousands of platelets into the bloodstream.

Platelet

• Small, disc-shaped cell fragments crucial for normal blood clotting.
• Formed from the cytoplasm of megakaryocytes in the bone marrow.
• Active in hemostasis by aggregating at sites of blood vessel injury.

Blood Types

• A+: A blood type with A antigens and Rh factor present.
• O+: The most common blood type, lacking A and B antigens but with Rh factor.
• O-: Universal donor blood type; lacks A and B antigens and Rh factor.
• B-: A blood type with B antigens absent of Rh factor.
• AB-: A rare blood type that has both A and B antigens but lacks the Rh factor.