Immune System Cells Quiz

Study Notes

Lymphocyte

A type of white blood cell integral to the immune response.
Subtypes include T cells (cell-mediated immunity) and B cells (antibody production).
Play a crucial role in recognizing and responding to pathogens.

Basophil

Least common type of granulocyte, involved in inflammatory responses.
Releases histamine and other chemicals to mediate allergic reactions and asthma.
Contains granules that stain dark blue with basic dyes, hence the name.

Eosinophil

Primarily associated with combating parasitic infections and allergic reactions.
Contains granules that stain red with acidic dyes, indicating its role in inflammation.
Plays a role in modulating responses to allergens and asthma.

Monocyte

Largest type of leukocyte, with a kidney-shaped nucleus.
Develops into macrophages and dendritic cells once it migrates into tissues.
Essential for phagocytosis and presenting antigens to T cells in immune responses.

Neutrophil

Most abundant type of white blood cell, important for bacterial infection response.
Characterized by a multi-lobed nucleus and granular cytoplasm.
Contains enzymes that digest bacteria and cellular debris.

Megakaryocyte

A large bone marrow cell responsible for producing platelets (thrombocytes).
Plays a vital role in blood clotting and wound healing processes.
Releases thousands of platelets into the bloodstream.

Platelet

Small, disc-shaped cell fragments crucial for normal blood clotting.
Formed from the cytoplasm of megakaryocytes in the bone marrow.
Active in hemostasis by aggregating at sites of blood vessel injury.

Blood Types

A+: A blood type with A antigens and Rh factor present.
O+: The most common blood type, lacking A and B antigens but with Rh factor.
O-: Universal donor blood type; lacks A and B antigens and Rh factor.
B-: A blood type with B antigens absent of Rh factor.
AB-: A rare blood type that has both A and B antigens but lacks the Rh factor.

Description

Test your knowledge on the various types of immune cells, including lymphocytes, basophils, eosinophils, monocytes, and neutrophils. Understand their functions, roles in the immune response, and how they respond to pathogens and reactions. Perfect for biology students learning about the immune system.