Immune System Anatomy

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Questions and Answers

What is the primary purpose of a 'good' amount of inflammation in response to an infection?

  • To get the immune system going (correct)
  • To stimulate the production of cytokines
  • To cause septic shock
  • To initiate an adaptive immune response

What is a characteristic of the innate immune system's response to a microbe?

  • It is unique each time a microbe is encountered
  • It is specific to the type of microbe
  • It responds the same way each time a microbe is encountered (correct)
  • It is only activated after the adaptive immune response

What can occur when the innate immune responses fail to contain a pathogen?

  • The pathogen may spread and initiate an adaptive immune response (correct)
  • The pathogen is eliminated by the innate immune system
  • The adaptive immune response is suppressed
  • The immune system becomes tolerant to the pathogen

Which of the following diseases is NOT associated with chronic inflammation?

<p>Hypertension (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is unique about David Vetter's immune system?

<p>He had to rely almost entirely on innate immunity (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a hallmark of the innate immune system?

<p>Speed (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of innate immune cells in relation to inflammation?

<p>They cause inflammation (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the consequence of too much inflammation?

<p>It may lead to death (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which type of cell lineage does a neutrophil belong to?

<p>Common Myeloid Progenitor (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is one of the hallmarks of the innate immune system regarding its response to repeated exposure to the same microbe?

<p>Repetitive (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which component of innate immunity includes tumor necrosis factor (TNF)?

<p>Cytokines (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which cells are not part of the innate immune system?

<p>Lymphocytes (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Where do immune cells originate?

<p>Bone marrow (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Through what mechanism can the innate immune system differentiate between self and non-self?

<p>Expression of distinct patterns on microbes (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which immune system characteristic is predominantly associated with a rapid and early response?

<p>Innate immune system (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is one way that epithelial barriers function within innate immunity?

<p>Forming physical barriers (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which molecule is primarily responsible for attracting neutrophils to sites of inflammation?

<p>Chemokines (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the immediate effect of histamine release during inflammation?

<p>Dilation of blood vessels (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which cells are primarily recruited first to sites of sterile tissue injury?

<p>Neutrophils (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What role do adhesion molecules play during the inflammatory response?

<p>Facilitating the binding of immune cells to endothelial cells (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What type of immune cells are carried into inflamed tissue along with plasma proteins?

<p>Innate immune cells (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How do different cells respond to different chemokines?

<p>By expressing different chemokine receptors (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What induces the expression of adhesion molecules on endothelial cells?

<p>Histamine and inflammatory cytokines (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a direct effect of blood vessel dilation during inflammation?

<p>Inducing chemokine receptors (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

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