29 Questions
What is the primary function of basophils during an allergic reaction?
Release of histamine and other inflammatory agents
How do basophils and mast cells differ in their location within the body?
Basophils are found in the blood, while mast cells are found in connective tissues
What is the primary role of mast cells in the innate immune response?
Release of histamine and other inflammatory agents
What is the primary difference between the roles of basophils and mast cells in the immune response?
Basophils circulate in the blood, while mast cells are fixed in tissues
Which of the following is a shared function of basophils and mast cells in the immune response?
Release of histamine and other inflammatory agents
What is the relationship between basophils, mast cells, and the release of histamine during an allergic reaction?
Both basophils and mast cells release histamine during allergic reactions
Where and when was immunology first discovered?
Athens, 430 BC
What is the biggest threat to our health in the absence of an immune system?
Allergens
What are antibodies primarily responsible for in our body's defense mechanism?
Fighting pathogens effectively
Which part of the body is NOT mentioned as rich in white cells according to the text?
Liver
What does the term 'immune' mean according to its Latin origin?
Exempt
Which blood components are responsible for generating all antibodies and immune cells mentioned in the text?
White blood cells
What is the primary function of Major Histocompatibility Complex (MHC) molecules?
To help the immune system recognize foreign substances
Which type of cells primarily express MHC class II molecules?
Antigen-presenting cells (APCs)
What is the significance of the high polymorphism of the MHC genes?
It enhances the body's ability to fight infections
Why is achieving a 100% tissue match between a donor and recipient in kidney transplantation almost impossible?
Due to the high variability of MHC genes
Which statement about MHC molecules is correct?
Every nucleated cell in the body has MHC class I molecules on its membrane
What is the primary function of activated B lymphocytes?
Secrete antibodies and form memory cells
What is the significance of each lymphocyte binding only one particular antigen?
It ensures that the immune system is highly specific
What is the difference between myeloid and lymphoid cells?
Myeloid cells originate in the bone marrow, while lymphoid cells originate in the lymphatic system
Why does the immune system keep only a few cells of each lymphocyte clone on hand?
To allow for rapid clonal expansion upon antigen exposure
What are the two primary lymphoid tissues, and what is their function?
The thymus gland and bone marrow, where cells involved in the immune response form and mature
What is the purpose of lymphoid tissues in the body?
To provide sites where lymphocytes are likely to encounter invaders
Which statement about secondary lymphoid tissues is true?
They are sites where immune cells fight off pathogens and foreign substances.
What is the primary function of the lymph nodes?
To monitor the extracellular compartment and capture pathogens in the lymphatic circulation.
Which of the following is an example of an unencapsulated diffuse lymphoid tissue?
Tonsils
What is the primary function of the spleen?
To filter blood and remove pathogens.
What is the significance of Peyer's patches in the small intestine?
They are clusters of immune cells that detect pathogens in the gut.
What is the consequence of having a damaged or destroyed spleen?
The person will be slightly immunosuppressed.
Test your understanding of the exterior defenses of the body, types of blood cells in the immune system, innate and adaptive immune responses, and lymphoid organs anatomy and function. Explore the history of immunology's discovery.
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