10 Questions
What is the consequence of immune complexes depositing in the capillaries or joints?
Activation of complement system
In Type III Immune Complex Disease, what happens if neutrophils and macrophages cannot phagocytize the immune complexes?
They trigger inflammation by degranulating
What is the main outcome of immune complexes deposited in the kidneys?
Glomerulonephritis
What is the underlying cause of serum sickness in Type III Immune Complex Disease?
Injection of large amounts of foreign serum
What is the mechanism behind localized disease in Type III Immune Complex Disease?
Deposition of immune complexes in specific areas causing inflammation
What is the primary mechanism through which delayed type hypersensitivity (DTH) response occurs?
Release of cytokines by Th1 cells to activate macrophages
What is a possible consequence of continued macrophage activation in delayed type hypersensitivity?
Formation of scarring and granulomas
During the sensitization stage of Type IV DTH, what role do memory Th1 cells play?
Trigger inflammatory response
What cytokines are produced by activated Th1 memory cells during secondary exposure in Type IV DTH?
IFN-gamma, TNF-alpha, TNF-beta
Which of the following statements about contact dermatitis is true based on the text?
Haptens act as antigens for T helper 1 (Th1) cell sensitization
Study Notes
Type III Immune Complex Disease
- Immune complexes depositing in capillaries or joints leads to inflammation and tissue damage.
- If neutrophils and macrophages cannot phagocytize the immune complexes, they accumulate and exacerbate inflammation, causing tissue damage.
Kidney Involvement
- Immune complexes deposited in the kidneys can lead to glomerulonephritis, a type of kidney disease.
Serum Sickness
- Serum sickness is caused by the formation of immune complexes, which trigger an immune response, leading to symptoms such as fever, rash, and arthritis.
Localized Disease
- In Type III Immune Complex Disease, localized disease occurs when immune complexes deposit in specific tissues, triggering a local inflammatory response.
Delayed Type Hypersensitivity (DTH)
- The primary mechanism behind DTH is the activation of T cells, which release cytokines, leading to the recruitment of macrophages and other immune cells.
Consequences of Macrophage Activation
- Continued macrophage activation in DTH can lead to tissue damage and chronic inflammation.
Sensitization Stage of Type IV DTH
- During sensitization, memory Th1 cells play a crucial role in recognizing and responding to specific antigens.
Cytokine Production in Type IV DTH
- Activated Th1 memory cells produce cytokines such as IFN-γ and TNF-α during secondary exposure in Type IV DTH.
Contact Dermatitis
- Contact dermatitis is a type of Type IV DTH reaction, which occurs when the skin comes into contact with an allergen, triggering a delayed immune response.
This quiz covers the formation and consequences of immune complex diseases, focusing on Type III immune complexes and the role of phagocytes. Topics include the deposition of complexes in capillaries, inflammation triggers, and the concept of 'frustrated phagocytes'.
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