Week 4: Deontology

<p>Promises become meaningless because no one would believe them. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Can you will that your maxim should be a universal law? (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Because it cannot enter as a principle into a possible universal legislation. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Deviating from the principle of duty. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Duty implies a law within itself, while prudence requires assessing potential results. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Its inherent quality of volition, being good in itself. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Whether it can be consistently willed as a universal law. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Because they can be corrupted and used for immoral purposes if the will is not good. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>In the understanding of and determination by the moral law. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Morally good actions should be performed out of a sense of duty and not solely based on self-interest. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>An action is morally good only if it not only conforms to the moral law but is also done for the sake of the moral law. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Actions should be guided by principles that one could rationally want everyone to adopt. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Moral duties are categorical commands that must be obeyed regardless of personal inclination. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Respect for practical law (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>It is dependent on a desired outcome. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>It commands actions as necessary without reference to another end. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>As ends in themselves. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Act only on maxims that can be willed as universal laws. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Only rational beings are considered as ends in themselves. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>It is inherently valuable in itself. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Humanity possesses inherent dignity and value. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Hypothetical imperatives are conditional, whereas categorical imperatives are unconditional. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>If it aligns with our moral duty regardless of results. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>To ascertain whether the action can be willed as a universal law. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>It ignores the situational context of the promise. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Persons can be treated as ends in themselves, while things are only means to an end. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Hare (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Effective actions can still be morally wrong. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>It is always measured by the outcomes it produces. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Rationality and universal laws. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Imperatives originate from our own reason, while other commands come from external authorities. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>A command that is contingent on a person's wants, needs, or desires. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>&quot;If you want to pass the class, then you should do all the homework.&quot; (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Moral imperatives are absolute commands, not contingent on personal desires. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Do not cheat. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Moral action is ultimately a rational action, governed by universal rules discovered through reason. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>A moral action is one that can be consistently applied to everyone without creating a contradiction. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>A contradiction in the concept related to the maxim, making the action impossible. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Because if everyone stole, the concept of ownership would disappear, making stealing impossible. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Kant is not concerned with consequences but with the logical consistency of the maxim. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Identify the underlying maxim that motivates the action of making a false promise. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>A subjective rule or principle that guides an individual's actions. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Because the maxim behind it cannot be universalized without creating a contradiction. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The maxim would be considered permissible. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>It indicates a lack of respect for one's humanity. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>It may be permissible in some cases. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>It eradicates morality from the world. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>They can be treated as mere means. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>It weakens compassion towards all beings. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>It dulls feelings related to suffering. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Capacity for rational thought. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Animals have no rights due to lack of rationality. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>A theoretical system uniting rational beings under shared laws, each treating others as ends. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Autonomy is necessary for morality; individuals must be self-governing in their moral choices. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Because the categorical imperative leads to a complete and consistent set of moral duties that all rational beings can recognize. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Kant's theory struggles to explain why mistreating something lacking rationality, like a corpse, is immoral. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>From obligations to oneself and other rational beings. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>It appears to suggest that wronging non-human life is wrong because it harms oneself. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>To respect their inherent value and rationality, and not merely as a means to our own ends. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>He believes the the categorical imperative is the only rationale moral rule, so everyone will agree. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Practical contradiction (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>It would lose its meaning. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Your action could lead to fatal consequences. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>I will never help out anyone else since everyone should be independent. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Contradictions in will (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>There are scenarios where lying might be permissible. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>It would ultimately undermine the concepts of lie and truth. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>We have a duty to help others regardless of personal cost. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>It insists that ethical rules should be universal. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Individuals have intrinsic value and should not be treated as mere tools. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>They emphasize rational justification for ethical rules. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>It is dismissive of emotional considerations in ethics. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>If a rule cannot be universalized, it should not be followed. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Individuals are titles to respect as ends in themselves. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>It remains a valuable tool for addressing complex moral questions. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Moral rules should be absolute without personal exceptions. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

A German philosopher known for his influence on ethics.

Kant's belief that morality is grounded in rational thought, not emotions or desires.

The only thing that is good without qualification, according to Kant.

A principle that must be followed for an action to be considered moral.

The process of determining if a moral principle can be universalized.

Kant's principle that one must act only according to maxims that can be universalized.

The act of will; for Kant, it's what makes moral actions good.

A principle that everyone must follow for a maxim to be considered valid.

A moral standard that dictates actions based on obligation rather than consequences.

A commitment made with no intention of keeping it, often for self-benefit.

A personal principle or rule that motivates actions and decisions.

The quality of being right and virtuous, aligning with moral laws.

The distinction between acting wisely for self-gain and acting out of moral obligation.

The role of rational thought in determining moral laws that should apply universally.

The obligation to honor laws that arise from moral reasoning and universal principles.

Acting from respect for the practical law, constituting moral obligation.

A command of reason expressed by 'ought', indicating obligation.

An imperative that represents the necessity of an action as means to an end.

Actions that respect humanity as an end, never as means.

Entities that exist as ends in themselves, not just means.

A principle derived from one's own rationality, guiding personal actions.

A will is good if it aligns with moral duty and can produce good results.

Kant's method for testing if a maxim can be universalized, assessing its moral worth.

Applying Kant's test to an honest promise reveals contradictions if universalized.

Persons must be treated with dignity, not merely as means to an end.

Hare's method involves understanding consequences, empathy, and desirability in moral decisions.

The process of applying a principle universally to evaluate its legitimacy.

A directive that must be followed without exception or personal interest.

An ethical obligation that is not dependent on personal wants or desires.

Kant's idea that moral actions must be based on reason, similar to scientific laws.

Commands that originate from our own reasoning rather than external authority.

Orders dependent on specific situations or personal desires; they vary by context.

Principles that must be followed by everyone, not based on individual preferences.

A method to determine if a maxim can be accepted by all people without contradiction.

A maxim that can be universalized, making it acceptable to follow.

A maxim that cannot be universalized, making it unacceptable to follow.

Promises become empty and without value if universally made without intent to keep.

A scenario where universalizing a maxim leads to conflicting ideas or results.

The principle that one may take things they want, which fails when universalized.

The obligation to follow only those maxims that can apply to everyone without contradiction.

Failing to respect one's own humanity and rational capacity.

The ability to think and reason, central to Kant's philosophy.

Overindulgence in alcohol or drugs that dulls thought.

Kant argues that suicide undermines morality's existence.

Kant views non-rational beings as lacking moral rights.

Kant believes it dulls compassion towards all beings.

Moral duty not just to others, but to preserve one's own morality.

Humans are defined by their ability to reason and possess dignity.

These are logical inconsistencies that arise when a maxim cannot be universalized.

Practical contradictions that occur when one’s maxims cannot be consistently followed.

The moral obligation to assist others when possible, based on the need for interdependence.

Kant asserts that lying undermines trust and thus should never be universalized.

A scenario in which Kant argues against lying, even to protect a friend.

The process of assessing whether a personal principle can be adopted universally.

In Kant's view, the meanings of truth and lies rely on consistent moral actions.

The obligation to consider the consequences of our actions on others.

An interconnected system of rational beings treated as ends.

The principle that moral rules must be self-imposed to ensure freedom.

The act of individuals forming their own moral regulations.

A set of moral obligations derived from the categorical imperative.

Treating physical items or non-rational beings as mere means.

Moral duties primarily owed to individuals capable of rational thought.

The decline in moral integrity from mistreating others or objects.

The belief that rational individuals will ultimately concur on ethical matters.

Ethical rules must be applicable to everyone without exceptions.

Act only according to that maxim which you can will to become a universal law.

The inherent worth of each person that demands respect and dignity.

The recognition that all individuals deserve equal moral treatment.

Treat humanity, whether in your own person or in the person of any other, always at the same time as an end and never merely as a means.

The concept that ethical thought should be based on reason and not emotions.

A systematic approach to addressing complex moral questions using reason.

Making special cases for ourselves or others that violate universal ethics.