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Questions and Answers
What material is expelled during a volcanic eruption?
Which type of igneous rock is characterized by small crystals?
What is formed when igneous rocks are eroded and their sediments are deposited?
What describes the transformation of rocks from one type to another over millions of years?
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Which of the following is an example of an intrusive igneous rock?
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Study Notes
Igneous Rocks
- Formed by volcanic activity
- "Ignis" means "fire"
- Can be glassy or crystalline
- Molten rock material inside Earth is called magma
- Magma expelled through vent during volcanic eruption
- Molten material called lava
- Lava cools and hardens to form igneous rocks
- Speed of cooling determines type of igneous rock
Extrusive Igneous Rocks
- Formed when lava cools rapidly on Earth’s surface
- Have small crystals
- Examples include basalt and pumice
- Deccan Plateau is largely made of basalt
Intrusive Igneous Rocks
- Formed when magma cools slowly before reaching the surface
- Have large crystals
- Are coarse-grained and hard
- Example is granite
- Igneous rocks contain holes from gas bubbles
The Rock Cycle
- Describes how rocks transform over millions of years
- Igneous rocks can be eroded, forming sediments
- Sediments deposit on land or in seabeds
- Sediments form sedimentary rocks
- Over time, sedimentary rocks can be altered by high heat and pressure, forming metamorphic rocks
- Metamorphic rocks can melt into magma, completing the cycle
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Description
Explore the fascinating world of igneous rocks, formed through volcanic activity. This quiz covers the differences between extrusive and intrusive igneous rocks, their formation processes, and the overall rock cycle. Test your knowledge of magma, lava, and the characteristics of different rock types.
