IGCSE Physics (0625) Motion, Forces, and Energy
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Questions and Answers

What will happen to an object with a density lower than that of a liquid?

  • It will mix completely with the liquid.
  • It will sink in the liquid.
  • It will float above the liquid. (correct)
  • It will dissolve in the liquid.

    • How do lower density liquids behave when they come into contact with denser liquids?

  • They sink to the bottom.
  • They float above the denser liquids. (correct)
  • They remain suspended.
  • They mix together.

    • Which of the following statements is true regarding wasted energy?

  • Wasted energy can be converted into usable energy.
  • Wasted energy is always greater than useful energy.
  • Wasted energy does not affect total energy output.
  • Wasted energy is energy that is not converted to useful work. (correct)

    • What is implied about liquids that do not mix?

    <p>They will form distinct layers based on density.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In which chapter can you find information on Thermal Physics?

    <p>Chapter 2: Thermal Physics</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What best describes the transition of energy when it is wasted?

    <p>It is lost as heat or sound.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which chapter focuses on Waves?

    <p>Chapter 3: Waves</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What happens to a lower density liquid when mixed with a higher density liquid?

    <p>It might float above the higher density liquid.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does weight equal in a gravitational field?

    <p>Mass x gravitational strength</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The strength of a gravitational field is measured in terms of what?

    <p>Force per unit mass</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How can one measure the volume of an object using water?

    <p>By the weight of water displaced</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the equivalent of acceleration in free fall within a gravitational field?

    <p>Weight divided by mass</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In the formula for weight (W = M x g), what does 'g' represent?

    <p>Acceleration due to gravity</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What happens to the gravitational field strength when you increase the distance from the center of a mass?

    <p>It decreases inversely</p> Signup and view all the answers

    When measuring gravitational effect on a solid object in water, which aspect does not change?

    <p>Mass of the object</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is typically the first step to analyze an object placed in water?

    <p>Fill the cup to the brim</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What quantity is calculated by multiplying the width and height of an object?

    <p>Volume</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What remains constant during the measurement of weight in a gravitational field?

    <p>The mass of the object</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does terminal velocity refer to in the context of an object's motion?

    <p>The maximum speed reached during free fall</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why is velocity considered a vector quantity?

    <p>It has both magnitude and direction</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What defines deceleration in physics?

    <p>Acceleration that decreases speed</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following quantities is NOT a vector?

    <p>Speed</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What role does gravitational field strength play in the context of free fall?

    <p>It accelerates objects toward the ground</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is indicated by the area under a speed-time graph?

    <p>The total distance travelled</p> Signup and view all the answers

    If an object is falling under the influence of gravity alone, what accelerates it?

    <p>The force of gravity</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which statement about momentum is true?

    <p>Momentum is mass times velocity.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary purpose of placing an object on a balance?

    <p>To determine the mass of the object</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which equation best represents the relationship between mass and density in the context provided?

    <p>p = m/V</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What can be inferred about an object that floats?

    <p>It has a lower density than water</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In the mass determination process, which variable is least likely to affect the result on a balance?

    <p>External air pressure</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How can weights be compared to find an object's mass?

    <p>By using a counterbalance method</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does it mean if an object's balance point aligns perfectly with the zero mark?

    <p>The mass of the object is exactly measured</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which factor primarily influences whether an object sinks or floats?

    <p>The object's density relative to the fluid</p> Signup and view all the answers

    If an object has a known volume and mass, how can its density be calculated?

    <p>By using the equation p = m/V</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the term density refer to in the context of solids?

    <p>The mass of an object divided by its volume</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How is weight related to mass in a gravitational field?

    <p>Weight is a product of mass and gravitational force</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which equation represents the relationship between mass, weight, and density?

    <p>density = mass / volume</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What factor influences the determination of density in solids?

    <p>Both mass and volume of the solid</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which statement about weight in a gravitational field is accurate?

    <p>Weight depends on mass and the strength of the gravitational field</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What happens to the upward air resistance when an object is initially moving?

    <p>It is initially low.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In terms of physical quantities, which of the following is considered a scalar quantity?

    <p>Distance</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is indicated by an unbalanced force acting on an object?

    <p>The object is experiencing acceleration.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of quantity is speed in the context of motion?

    <p>Scalar quantity</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How is acceleration represented on a speed-time graph?

    <p>By the gradient of the speed-time graph</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following statements is true about the forces acting on an object when they are balanced?

    <p>The object moves with constant speed.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following best describes air resistance during the initial phase of motion?

    <p>It starts out low and increases with speed.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the term 'speed-gradient' refer to in a distance-time graph?

    <p>Change in distance over time</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    IGCSE Physics (0625) - General Information

    • This resource is a collection of topical notes for the Cambridge IGCSE Physics syllabus (0625).
    • It was authored by Veda.
    • The notes are for examination until 2025.
    • The guide is for educational purposes only; use it to study for the IGCSE Physics exam.
    • The information within this guide is free of cost for all students.
    • The publisher of the syllabus is UCLES (University of Cambridge International Examinations).
    • Some diagrams are from Save My Exams Ltd.

    Chapter 1: Motion, Forces, and Energy

    • Physical Quantities and Measurement Techniques
      • Measuring tools for length and volume (e.g., rulers, measuring cylinders)
      • Measuring time intervals (e.g., clocks, digital timers)
      • Calculating average values
      • Calculating periods of oscillation/swings
    • Scalars and Vectors
      • Scalars only have magnitude (e.g., speed, time, mass, energy, temperature)
      • Vectors have both magnitude and direction (e.g., velocity, force, weight, acceleration, momentum, electric field strength, gravitational field strength)
    • Mass and Weight
      • Mass: the amount of matter in an object (measured in kg)
      • Weight: the effect of a gravitational field strength on an object's mass (measured in Newtons)
      • Weight = mass × gravitational field strength (w = mg)
      • Gravitational field strength is force per unit mass (g)
    • Density
      • Density is mass per unit volume (p = m/v)
      • Methods to determine density of regular and irregular solids.
    • Motion
      • Speed is distance/time
      • Velocity is speed in a given direction
      • Acceleration is change in velocity/time (a = Δv/Δt).
      • Graphs: How to interpret distance-time & speed-time graphs.
      • Falling objects with and without air resistance (including terminal velocity)
    • Forces
      • Forces change size/shape of objects. The resultant force is found when multiple forces are acting on an object in the same direction.
      • Spring constant, limit of proportionality.
      • Moment of force = force × perpendicular distance from pivot.
      • Principle of moments
      • Equilibrium
    • Circular Motion
      • Forces acting on objects moving in circular paths.

    Chapter 2: Thermal Physics

    • Kinetic Particle Model of Matter
      • The arrangement, movement, and energy of particles in solids, liquids, and gases.
    • Thermal Properties and Temperature
      • Thermal expansion
      • Specific heat capacity
    • Pressure
      • Calculating Pressure (p = F/A)
      • Pressure in liquids (p = ρgh)
    • Energy Resources
      • Different energy resources and their renewability
    • Energy Transfer
      • Conduction, convection, and radiation (modes of heat transfer).
      • Greenhouse effect
    • Experiments
      • Methods to measure specific heat capacity and thermal expansion experiments are discussed.

    Chapter 3: Waves

    • General Properties of Waves
      • Defining a wave: energy transfer without matter transfer.
      • Calculating wave speed (v = fλ) where f is Frequency & λ is wavelength.
      • Reflection, refraction, diffraction.
    • Transverse and Longitudinal Waves – defining characteristics
    • Using a Ripple Tank
      • Methods for demonstrating wave phenomena.
    • Light
      • Reflection
      • Refraction
      • Thin Lenses
      • Dispersion
    • Optical Fibers – Principles of optical fibers and their use.
    • Electromagnetic Spectrum – Properties and applications of different types of electromagnetic waves.

    Chapter 4: Electricity and Magnetism

    • Simple Phenomena of Magnetism
      • Poles of magnets and their interactions.
      • Creating and detecting magnetic fields.
    • Electric Circuits
      • Circuit diagrams, components (resistors, cells, bulbs, etc.).
      • Series and parallel circuits calculation.
    • Electrical Quantities
      • Charge, Current, Potential Difference (pd), Resistance, Electrical Power (P) Electrical Energy (E)
    • Electrical Safety
      • Safety hazards involved in electrical circuits and systems, including overloaded circuits, damaged insulation, and faulty wiring.
      • Fuses and their purpose.
      • Different current types (AC & DC).
    • Electromagnetic Effects
      • Electromagnets, electromagnetic induction, and generating current using moving magnets or wires inside magnetic fields.
    • Transformers
      • Principle operation, step-up and step-down transformers.
      • Transformer efficiency and calculations.

    Chapter 5: Nuclear Physics

    • Nuclear Model of the Atom
      • Structure of an atom (proton, neutron and electron)
    • Nuclear Fission
      • Splitting of atoms.
    • Nuclear Fusion
      • Joining of atoms.
    • Radioactivity
      • Different types of radioactivity (alpha, beta, gamma)
    • Detecting Radioactivity
      • How radioactivity is detected.
      • Background Radiation.
    • Half Life
      • Definition and calculation of half life quantities.
    • Safety Precautions
      • Safe handling of radioactive materials.

    Chapter 6: Space Physics

    • Earth and the Solar System
      • Earth’s orbit around the Sun
      • Formation of our Solar System
    • Stars and the Universe
      • Life cycle for stars
      • Red Shift and the Big Bang Theory
      • Measuring and calculating distances in space – Light years and Astronomical Units.

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    Related Documents

    IGCSE Physics Topical Notes PDF

    Description

    This quiz covers the foundational topics of motion, forces, and energy as part of the Cambridge IGCSE Physics syllabus (0625). It includes measurement techniques, scalar and vector quantities, and the principles of physical quantities. This resource is essential for students preparing for their IGCSE Physics exams by 2025.

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