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Questions and Answers
What is the defining characteristic of a vector quantity?
What is the defining characteristic of a vector quantity?
- It has only direction
- It has both magnitude and direction (correct)
- It has only magnitude
- It has neither magnitude nor direction
According to Newton's First Law, what happens to an object at rest when no external force is acting on it?
According to Newton's First Law, what happens to an object at rest when no external force is acting on it?
- It accelerates indefinitely
- It remains at rest (correct)
- It moves in the opposite direction
- It begins to move with constant speed
In Newton's Second Law, what is the relationship between acceleration and mass when a net force is acting on an object?
In Newton's Second Law, what is the relationship between acceleration and mass when a net force is acting on an object?
- There is no relationship between acceleration and mass
- Acceleration is inversely proportional to mass (correct)
- Acceleration is directly proportional to mass
- Acceleration is equal to mass
Which type of force is responsible for objects coming to a stop when pushed across a surface?
Which type of force is responsible for objects coming to a stop when pushed across a surface?
What does Newton's Third Law state about the interaction between two objects?
What does Newton's Third Law state about the interaction between two objects?
Which statement best describes an object experiencing balanced forces?
Which statement best describes an object experiencing balanced forces?
What force opposes the motion of an object through air?
What force opposes the motion of an object through air?
What does Newton's Second Law of Motion state about the relationship between force, mass, and acceleration?
What does Newton's Second Law of Motion state about the relationship between force, mass, and acceleration?
What effect does gravity have on objects near the surface of the Earth?
What effect does gravity have on objects near the surface of the Earth?
What does Newton's Third Law imply about the interaction between two objects?
What does Newton's Third Law imply about the interaction between two objects?
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Study Notes
Vector Quantities
- A vector quantity has both magnitude (amount of movement) and direction.
Newton's Laws
Newton's First Law
- When no external force is acting on an object at rest, it will remain at rest.
- If an object is moving, it will maintain its velocity (speed and direction) if no external force is applied.
Newton's Second Law
- Acceleration of an object is directly proportional to the net force acting on it and inversely proportional to its mass (F = ma).
- The greater the mass of an object, the less it will accelerate when a net force is applied.
Frictional Forces
- Frictional forces are responsible for objects coming to a stop when pushed across a surface.
Newton's Third Law
- The law states that every action has an equal and opposite reaction.
- When two objects interact, they apply forces to one another that are equal in magnitude and opposite in direction.
Balanced Forces
- An object experiencing balanced forces will not change its motion (remain at rest or maintain its velocity).
Air Resistance
- Air resistance is the force that opposes the motion of an object through air.
Gravity
- Gravity exerts a downward force on objects near the surface of the Earth, giving them weight.
- Gravity accelerates objects towards the center of the Earth at a rate of 9.8 m/s².
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