Id, Ego, and Superego Quiz

Projection

To act as the person’s conscience and hold their ideals

Free Association

To understand patient’s unconscious and strengthen the ego function

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Individual’s internal representations of their relationships with the external world

Child becomes fragmented, resulting in feelings of helplessness and ineffectiveness

Misperceptions of life and life’s demands

Be a friendly, supportive model

The knowledge gained by Freud in his work with adults

A state of well-being in which the individual realizes his or her own abilities, can cope with the normal stresses of life, can work productively and fruitfully, and is able to make a contribution to his or her community

The ability to use resources such as finances, knowledge, experience, self-esteem, healthy lifestyles, culture, and social support is more important than the resources themselves

Level of independence, social relationships, physical, psychological, relation to environment, spirituality, religion, and personal beliefs

A way of seeing life and the ability to successfully manage encountered stressors

An individual's perception of their position in life including subjective evaluations of both positive and negative aspects

Id

Maladaptive thinking and behavior

Interval

Object relations theory

Projection

Freud was preoccupied with conflict-ridden, instinctual drive states, while Jung was preoccupied with unconscious forces, mystery, myth, and symbol.

The Wise Old Man

Individuation

Universally shared myths and symbols common to all humans

Enabling individuals to interact with the world by wearing a mask or set of behaviors expected in a given relationship

The perception of adequate resources to meet life's demands

The relationship between patient and practitioner

Accomplishment, contribution, and coping with stress

Turning adverse situations around and making life more endurable

Competence, multiple relationships, informed consent, privacy, and confidentiality

Sense of coherence (SOC) = A way of seeing life and the ability to successfully manage stressors encountered during life Quality of Life = An individual's perception of their position in life, including subjective evaluations of both positive and negative aspects Salutogenic concept = Emphasizes the ability to use resources such as finances, knowledge, experience, self-esteem, healthy lifestyles, culture, and social support Mental health = A state of well-being in which the individual realizes their own abilities, copes with normal stresses, works productively, and contributes to their community

Level of independence = Refers to daily living activities and the individual's ability to perform them without assistance Social relationships = Involves the individual's interactions and connections with others in their social environment Physical = Includes aspects such as pain, energy levels, and overall physical well-being Psychological = Encompasses self-esteem, learning abilities, and emotional well-being

Cognitive therapy techniques = Focuses on addressing cognitive distortions and promoting collaborative empiricism Strength-based practice = Emphasizes identifying and utilizing the client's strengths in the therapeutic process Object relations theory = Emphasizes earlier parent-child relationships and questions of personal worth and lovableness Behavioral therapy = Uses conditioning through reinforcement and punishment to address unhelpful behavior

Attribution = Involves attributing one's unacceptable thoughts or feelings onto another person Rechanneling = Involves redirecting uncomfortable thoughts or affects into socially acceptable pursuits Projection = Involves seeing one’s own traits in other people Identification = Involves adopting characteristics or traits of another individual as one's own

Collective unconscious (Jung) = Consists of universal symbolic representations inherited from ancestral experiences and shared by all humanity Persona (Jung) = The social mask or role that an individual presents to others while concealing their true nature Super-Ego (Freud) = Represents the internalized societal and parental standards for behavior, often leading to feelings of guilt when violated Bio-psycho-social model = Emphasizes the interconnectedness of biological, psychological, and social factors in influencing an individual's health and well-being

Overgeneralizations = False or impossible goals of security → society as working against him or her Misperceptions of life and life’s demands = “I never get a break” Minimization or denial of one’s worth = “I am stupid” Faculty value = “You have to cheat to get your way”

Object relations theory - Melanie Klein = Focuses on the dynamics and motivation → Earlier parent-child relationships Overview of object relations theory = Focuses on individual’s internal representations of their relationships with the external world Impact of responsive caregiver = Child experiences a sense of security, control, and understanding Impact of unresponsive caregiver = Child becomes fragmented, resulting in feelings of helpless, and ineffective

Be a friendly, supportive model = Use encouragement to help clients Use encouragement to help clients = Help clients have insight into their style of life Therapeutic Strategy recommendation = Modify their basic mistakes Object relations theory focus = Earlier parent-child relationships

Object relations theory - Melanie Klein = Earlier parent-child relationships Object relations theory overview = Individual’s internal representations of their relationships with the external world Caregiver responsiveness impact = Sense of security, control, and understanding Unresponsive caregiver impact = Feelings of helpless, and ineffective

Responsive caregiver impact = Child experiences a sense of security, control, and understanding Unresponsive caregiver impact = Child becomes fragmented, resulting in feelings of helpless, and ineffective Overgeneralizations impact = False or impossible goals of security → society as working against him or her Minimization or denial of one’s worth impact = “I am stupid”

Splitting = Viewing people as all good or all bad, with no middle ground Denial = Refusing to acknowledge some aspect of objective reality or subjective experience that is apparent to others Projection = Attributing one's own unacceptable thoughts or feelings onto another person Rationalization = Creating false but plausible excuses to justify unacceptable behavior

Object relations theory = Focus on earlier parent-child relationships and questions of personal worth and lovableness Attachment theory = Exploration of fear of being alone, anxious-ambivalent children, avoidant children, and secure children Carl Jung's analytical psychology = Emphasis on the unconscious as a source of great wisdom Sigmund Freud's psychodynamic approach = Mind in motion, maladaptive ways of thinking and behaving based on determinism, past influences present

Collaborative empiricism = Therapist and client work together to establish shared goals and understand the client's difficulties Identifying core beliefs and schemas = Recognizing deeply held beliefs about oneself and the world that influence one's perception and behavior Addressing cognitive distortions = Challenging irrational thoughts and replacing them with more realistic and balanced thoughts Psychoeducation = Providing information about mental health conditions, treatment options, and coping strategies

Reinforcement = Increasing the likelihood of a behavior by providing a reward or positive consequence after the behavior Punishment = Decreasing the likelihood of a behavior by providing an aversive consequence after the behavior Interval = Reinforcement provided after a specific amount of time has passed Ratio = Reinforcement provided after a specific number of responses have occurred

Extinction burst = Temporary increase in the frequency or intensity of the behavior during extinction process Increased variability = Displaying a wider range of behaviors in an attempt to get the previously reinforced response Emotional behavior = Exhibiting emotional responses such as frustration, anger, or aggression during extinction process Aggressive reactions = Reacting aggressively when the expected reinforcement is not received

Primary Prevention (Tier 1) = Universal prevention delivered to all populations, increasing protective factors. Secondary Prevention (Tier 2) = More targeted and specialized services for those at risk. Tertiary Prevention (Tier 3) = Intensive or individualized intervention for people with significant mental health problems. Bio-psycho-social model = Health and illness caused by multiple factors, affecting the body and mind. A multidisciplinary approach emphasizes the relationship between patient and practitioner.

Bio-psycho-social model = Health and illness caused by multiple factors, affecting the body and mind. A multidisciplinary approach emphasizes the relationship between patient and practitioner. Ecological model = Human development influenced by interactions between individuals and their environments. Bronfenbrenner's ecological model focuses on social contexts and influences. Strength-based practice = Accomplishment, contribution, and coping with stress. Focus on client's difficulties can lead to negative labeling. Resilience = Turning adverse situations around and making life more endurable.

Effective helping = Self-awareness, cultural differences, helper's feelings, modeling, altruism, ethics, catalyst for empowerment, open-mindedness, and trustworthiness. Ethical and legal = Ethics and laws guiding professional behavior in counseling. Ethical decisions = Competence, multiple relationships, informed consent, privacy, and confidentiality. Difficulties faced by counseling practice = Higher standards, rigid outcome criteria, competition, short-term processes, and unpredictable economic climate.

Cognitive component of comprehensibility (C) = Refers to the perception of stimuli as consistent, structured, and clear. Positive cases include feelings of security and acceptance in children. Instrumental or behavioral component of manageability (Ma) = The extent to which one perceives adequate resources to meet life's demands. Children experience self-efficacy and progress acceptance. Lecture 3: Counseling as a treatment for mental health problems = Guidance for important choices, counseling for change, and trained professionals practicing scientifically derived principles. Strength-based practice = Accomplishment, contribution, and coping with stress. Focus on client's difficulties can lead to negative labeling.

Bio-psycho-social model = Health and illness caused by multiple factors, affecting the body and mind. A multidisciplinary approach emphasizes the relationship between patient and practitioner. Ecological model = Human development influenced by interactions between individuals and their environments. Bronfenbrenner's ecological model focuses on social contexts and influences. Strength-based practice = Accomplishment, contribution, and coping with stress. Focus on client's difficulties can lead to negative labeling. Resilience = Turning adverse situations around and making life more endurable.

Splitting = Separating good and bad feelings into different people Dissociation = Disconnecting from reality in traumatic situations Denial = Refusing to face reality or potential damage to self-esteem Projection = Seeing one's own traits in others and blaming them

Repression = Excluding painful conflicting thoughts or memories from consciousness Displacement = Redirecting aggression towards a safer target Rationalization = Justifying unacceptable attitudes with false reasons Somatization = Experiencing repressed thoughts or affects as bodily sensations

Reaction formation = Expressing the opposite of true feelings Identification = Internalizing aspects of others Regression = Returning to an earlier way of functioning Projection = Seeing one's own traits in others and blaming them

Id, ego, and superego = Control psychic energy and lead to anxiety when in conflict Super-Ego = Functions as a person's conscience and their ideals for themselves Defense mechanisms = Unconscious behaviors used to cope with anxiety and conflict Psychodynamic approach goals = Understanding the patient's unconscious, uncovering conflicts, and strengthening the ego function

Free association = Patient expresses thoughts and feelings without censorship Interpretation = Explaining hidden meanings behind patient's words and actions Analysis of resistance = Exploring patient's reluctance to discuss certain topics Dream analysis = Interpreting symbolic meanings in patient's dreams

Transference = Sigmund Freud Collective unconscious = Carl Jung Feelings of inferiority = Alfred Adler Active imagination = Carl Jung

Persona = Enables interaction with the world, acts as a mask or set of behaviors Shadow = Contains unaccepted aspects of the self, can be projected onto others Anima and animus = Manifest as opposite genders in dreams, represent undeveloped aspects of personality Self-analysis = Increased capacity for understanding one's experiences at the end of therapy

Carl Jung = Individuation and archetypes Sigmund Freud = Psychosexual development and defense mechanisms Alfred Adler = Feelings of inferiority and social interest Melanie Klein = Object relations and early parent-child relationships

Not suitable for all cultures = Psychodynamic therapy May not emphasize current maladaptive behaviors = Adlerian therapy Subjective interpretation and client fantasy = Jungian analysis Involves lengthy lectures = Freudian psychoanalysis

End of therapy = Includes experience of loss and increased capacity for self-analysis Archetypes = Shared patterns and ordering principles in the collective unconscious Social interest = Emphasized as a goal of therapy in Adlerian theory Optimistic view of human development = Adlerian theory