ICT Fundamentals

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Questions and Answers

Which of the following reflects the primary focus of Information and Communication Technologies (ICT)?

  • Processing data for scientific research.
  • Developing software applications for businesses.
  • Facilitating access to information through telecommunications. (correct)
  • Managing and maintaining computer hardware.

In the context of computer hardware, what is the role of a 'bus'?

  • To provide a visual display of data being processed.
  • To store data permanently.
  • To execute instructions from software.
  • To transmit data between computer components. (correct)

What distinguishes Random Access Memory (RAM) from a Hard Disk Drive (HDD) or Solid State Drive (SSD)?

  • There is no difference; all three serve the same function.
  • HDDs and SSDs are used for processing instructions, while RAM is used for data input.
  • RAM permanently stores data, while HDDs and SSDs provide temporary storage.
  • RAM is directly accessible by the CPU and provides temporary storage, whereas HDDs and SSDs offer slower, permanent storage. (correct)

In what way has digital broadcasting influenced entertainment?

<p>It has fostered more interactive and participatory programs, and influenced music and gaming. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following correctly describes the function of the Arithmetic Logic Unit (ALU) within a CPU?

<p>It performs mathematical calculations and logical operations. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary purpose of netiquette?

<p>To encourage responsible online behavior and awareness of the impact of one's words. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the distinction between 'data' and 'information'?

<p>Data consists of discrete, unorganized facts, while information is structured and provides knowledge. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following describes the role of computer forensics experts?

<p>Extracting computer evidence for detecting, preventing, or prosecuting crimes. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does the term 'malware' refer to?

<p>Software designed to cause damage or unauthorized access to a computer system. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How did the introduction of integrated circuits (ICs) impact computer technology in the third generation of computers?

<p>ICs replaced transistors, making computers smaller, faster, and more reliable. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What implications arise from the fact that no single entity controls the internet?

<p>It fosters unfettered publishing, raising questions about information authority and regulation. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of a computer's 'sound card'?

<p>To produce the signal used to generate sound from the computer's speakers. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How did the use of debit and credit cards, online shopping, and ATM withdrawals impact concerns about identity and security?

<p>While increasing convenience and accessibility, they also introduced new identity and security concerns. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of 'Registers' within the Central Processing Unit (CPU)?

<p>To provide high-speed storage areas for data within the CPU. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main function of the Control Unit (CU) in the Von Neumann architecture?

<p>Controlling the operation of the computer's components by interpreting instructions. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a key characteristic of systems operating under the Von Neumann architecture?

<p>The storage of both instruction data and program data in the same memory. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How do 'hybrid computers' combine analog and digital technologies?

<p>By storing and processing analog signals converted into discrete numbers and vice versa. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of a 'digital rights management' (DRM) system?

<p>To protect copyright holders by making it harder to create copies of digital media. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of the classification of 'age generations'?

<p>To categorize people based on birth years for societal analysis and targeted marketing. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a key characteristic of a 'worm' in the context of malware?

<p>It runs in the background, self-replicates, and spreads via network connections. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Flashcards

Information and Communication Technologies

Technologies that provide access to information through telecommunications.

Information Technology (IT)

It's anything having to do with computer hardware, software, or networks to store, create, secure, exchange, or access digital data.

Origin of Information Technology

Term coined by Harvard Business Review by Thomas L. Whisler and Harold J. Leavitt.

IT Services

Systems deployment, support, repair.

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IT Infrastructure

Cloud computing, internet, telecommunications.

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IT Software

Mobile applications, network security, desktop applications

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IT Hardware

Servers, mobile devices, network systems, computers.

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Information Technology's Necessity

A broad field concerned with managing and processing electronic information and data management.

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Data and Information

Two terms that are directly connected with our everyday activities, as well as, with computers.

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Information

Linking two or more items of data to provide an item of knowledge.

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Data

Discrete items, often related to a price of a grocery item or a number on a sign on a wall.

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Perceptual Data

Sensations of 5 senses, and our ability mentally to process, and then react to and communicate them.

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Signs and Symbols

Something that conveys some information by means other than direct representation.

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Technology and Society

Technologies used in the conveying, manipulation and storage of data by electronic means.

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Social Networking

An increasingly significant impact on the lives of many people.

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Netiquette

Guidelines for online behavior.

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Malware

A program designed to cause damage.

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Spam

General term for unsolicited emails sent to large numbers of people.

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Hoaxes

Aims to mislead, often relying on the naivety of its recipients.

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Phishing

A particular kind of hoax message aims to persuade users to disclose private information.

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