IBD Correlates with Stress Quiz
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Questions and Answers

Which of the following is NOT a proposed etiology underlying the development of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD)?

  • Autoimmune factors (correct)
  • Lifestyle factors
  • Genetic factors
  • Infectious factors

    • What is the bimodal distribution of age in IBD cases?

  • Middle-aged and elderly individuals
  • Children under 5 and adults over 60
  • Infants and the elderly
  • Adolescents and young adults (correct)

    • Which genetic polymorphism is involved in pathogen recognition and increases the risk of Crohn’s disease by up to 40 times?

  • OCTN1
  • IL-1B
  • Autophagy system
  • NOD2 (correct)

    • What factor potentially leads the gastrointestinal tract to lose tolerance to normal flora in inflammatory bowel disease?

    <p>Dysbiosis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What region has the highest incidence rate of ulcerative colitis (UC)?

    <p>Northern Europe</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What percentage of patients on chronic corticosteroids require surgery within 1 year?

    <p>38%</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a common extraintestinal manifestation of IBD?

    <p>Joint pain</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT a lifestyle-related etiology of IBD according to the text?

    <p>Antibiotics</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a potential severe complication of Ulcerative Colitis?

    <p>Toxic megacolon</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a consequence of the breakdown of the intestinal wall and epithelial barrier in the context of inflammatory bowel disease?

    <p>Increased susceptibility to microbiome</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a common clinical feature of both Ulcerative Colitis and Crohn's Disease?

    <p>Rectal bleeding</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What diagnostic test is commonly used to visualize the colon in patients with suspected IBD?

    <p>CT abdomen</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which cell type plays a role in inducing cell-mediated immunity in Crohn’s disease?

    <p>Th1 cells</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT an extraintestinal manifestation associated with IBD?

    <p>Anemia</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a common feature of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) related to cytokine dysregulation?

    <p>Elevated levels of various cytokines</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which immune cells are commonly found infiltrating the intestinal epithelium in inflammatory bowel disease?

    <p>B and T cells</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What effect does a reduction in Paneth cell defensin secretion have on the inflammatory response in the context of IBD?

    <p>Enhances inflammatory response</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In inflammatory bowel disease, what is a major consequence of prolonged inflammation leading to epithelial injury?

    <p>Development of erosions and ulcerations</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which tool is used to determine the severity of Crohn's Disease?

    <p>Crohn's Disease Activity Index</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is considered a clinical remission in Crohn's Disease according to the text?

    <p>Harvey Bradshaw Index &lt;4</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does systemic toxicity refer to in the context of Crohn's Disease severity?

    <p>Fever, rigors</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which imaging technique is considered superior for detecting small bowel pathology?

    <p>Video capsule endoscopy</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is considered a key feature that helps differentiate between Ulcerative Colitis (UC) and Crohn's Disease (CD)?

    <p>Localized symptoms</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In the context of Crohn's Disease, what does a Harvey Bradshaw Index reduction by 3 points indicate?

    <p>Clinical response to treatment</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main difference in the clinical presentation between Ulcerative Colitis (UC) and Crohn's Disease (CD)?

    <p>UC presents with anemia, while CD presents with vitamin deficiencies.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a significant difference in the distribution of disease between Distal and Extensive Ulcerative Colitis?

    <p>Distal UC is limited to areas distal to the splenic flexure, while Extensive UC involves areas proximal to the splenic flexure.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following factors is NOT considered a poor prognostic factor for Ulcerative Colitis?

    <p>Mild clinical signs/symptoms</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a characteristic feature of Crohn's Disease when observed endoscopically?

    <p>&quot;Cobblestone&quot; appearance</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which diagnostic test plays a crucial role in differentiating between Crohn's Disease and other conditions?

    <p>Biopsy</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the most common clinical presentation in patients with Colonic Crohn's Disease?

    <p>Diarrhea and abdominal pain</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the therapeutic target of Aminosalicylates (ASA)?

    <p>Cyclooxygenase, Lipoxygenase, etc.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which drug class targets Janus kinase family of enzymes (JAKs)?

    <p>JAK Inhibitors</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the key structure targeted by Anti-TNFα antibody drugs?

    <p>TNFα</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which drug is a representative of the Antimicrobials drug class?

    <p>Metronidazole</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the therapeutic target of JAK Inhibitors like Tofacitinib and Upadacitinib?

    <p>Janus kinase family of enzymes (JAKs)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which drug class targets α4-integrins?

    <p>Immunosuppressants</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which drug class does Mesalamine belong to?

    <p>Aminosalicylates (ASA)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the key therapeutic target of Infliximab?

    <p>TNFα</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which part is considered the most important sub-structure in Ozanimod?

    <p>sphingosine-1-phosphate receptor (S1PR)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the therapeutic target of Ustekinumab?

    <p>IL-12, IL-23</p> Signup and view all the answers

    To which drug class do cyclosporine, MTX, and mercaptopurine belong?

    <p>Immunosuppressant</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which chemical bond in Sulfasalazine needs to be broken for it to be converted to its active form?

    <p>Ester bond</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following enzymes is targeted by Mercaptopurine (6-MP) as a pro-drug?

    <p>Hypoxanthineguanine phosphoribosyltransferase (HGPRT)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the key therapeutic target of Corticosteroids like Budesonide?

    <p>Glucocorticoid receptors</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which molecule do JAK Inhibitors like Tofacitinib target?

    <p>Janus kinase family of enzymes (JAKs)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the therapeutic target of Anti-TNFα antibodies like Infliximab?

    <p>Tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNFα)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In which organ is unformulated mesalamine primarily absorbed?

    <p>Small intestine</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main focus of learning objectives in the context of IBD medicinal chemistry?

    <p>Recognizing key chemical structure features of drug classes for IBD treatment</p> Signup and view all the answers

    For a pro-drug used in IBD treatment, how is it typically converted to its active form?

    <p>By hydrolysis to release the active compound</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In the context of IBD medicinal chemistry, what does a structure-activity relationship refer to?

    <p>The interplay between drug structure and its pharmacological activity</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which chapter of Foye’s Principles of Medicinal Chemistry would be most relevant for learning about Tumor Necrosis Factor Blockers?

    <p>Chapter 31, Section Immunosuppressants</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What aspect of IBD drug metabolism is key in determining potential therapeutic or toxicity responses?

    <p>The pathway of biotransformation in the liver</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the target of Mercaptopurine (6-MP) in drug interactions with other purine analogs?

    <p>Dihydrofolate reductase</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which drug class targets Cyclophilin as part of its mechanism of action?

    <p>Immunosuppressants</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the therapeutic target of Sulfasalazine in the context of drug classes?

    <p>Multiple targets</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Among the following, which drug class inhibits CYP2C9 and CYP3A4?

    <p>Antimicrobials</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the target structure of Ustekinumab among the drug classes mentioned?

    <p>IL-12, IL-23</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which key structure is targeted by Ozanimod within the S1P Receptor Modulators drug class?

    <p>sphingosine-1phosphate receptor (S1PR)</p> Signup and view all the answers

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