IBCLC Exam Flashcards on Breastmilk Composition
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Questions and Answers

What percentage of breastmilk is carbohydrates?

  • 8-1%
  • 40%
  • 7% (correct)
  • 4%

    • What percentage of breastmilk is fat?

  • 4% (correct)
  • 7%
  • 50%
  • 8-1%

    • What percentage of breastmilk is protein?

  • 8-1% (correct)
  • 10%
  • 7%
  • 4%

    • What percentage of calories in breastmilk come from carbohydrates?

    <p>40%</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What percentage of calories in breastmilk come from fat?

    <p>50%</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What percentage of calories in breastmilk come from protein?

    <p>10%</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is an acinus?

    <p>Any of the small sacs or alveoli that terminate the ducts and are lined with secretory cells.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is acrocyanosis?

    <p>Bluish discoloration of the hands and feet in the newborn; peripheral cyanosis.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is active immunity?

    <p>Immunity conferred by the production of antibodies by one's own immune system.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is active transport in the context of breastfeeding?

    <p>Passage of drug into breastmilk assisted by components in breastmilk.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is Acyclovir/Zovirax used for?

    <p>Antiviral used to treat herpes infections.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are aerobic bacteria?

    <p>Bacteria requiring air for metabolic processes.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does AGA stand for?

    <p>Appropriate for Gestational Age.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How does alcohol affect breastfeeding?

    <p>Alcohol can decrease milk supply.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is Aldomet/Methyldopa used for?

    <p>Antihypertensive frequently used to treat hypertension during pregnancy.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the definition of an allergen?

    <p>A substance that causes an allergic response.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is α-lactalbumin?

    <p>A major protein found in human milk whey that assists in processing lactose.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the alveolar ridge?

    <p>The ridges on the upper and lower jaw where infant's teeth will grow.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What do alveoli do?

    <p>They secrete and store milk for let down.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is amenorrhea in relation to breastfeeding?

    <p>A natural phase of infertility that takes place when a mother is exclusively breastfeeding.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is Amoxicillin?

    <p>An antibiotic; observe for change in intestinal flora.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is Ampicillin?

    <p>An antibiotic; observe for change in intestinal flora.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is anaphylaxis?

    <p>Hypersensitivity resulting from sensitization following prior contact with the causative agent.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Breastmilk Composition

    • Carbohydrates represent approximately 7% of breastmilk.
    • Fat constitutes around 4% of breastmilk.
    • Protein makes up about 0.8 - 1% of breastmilk.

    Caloric Content of Breastmilk

    • About 40% of the calories in breastmilk come from carbohydrates.
    • Fat accounts for approximately 50% of the caloric content in breastmilk.
    • Protein contributes around 10% of the calories in breastmilk.

    Lactation Anatomy

    • Acinus refers to the small sacs at the end of ducts, lined with secretory cells responsible for milk production.
    • Alveoli are structures that secrete and store milk, surrounded by myoepithelial cells and connective tissue.

    Neonatal Health

    • Acrocyanosis may occur in newborns, indicated by a bluish discoloration of the hands and feet, resolving within 24 hours.
    • Active immunity is acquired through the production of antibodies by the immune system.

    Pharmacology and Breastfeeding

    • Active transport can facilitate the movement of drugs into breastmilk.
    • Acyclovir (Zovirax) is an antiviral medication for herpes infections, suitable for breastfeeding mothers.
    • Antibiotic classifications:
      • Amoxicillin and Ampicillin are both safe (L2 and L1 respectively) for breastfeeding but should be monitored for changes in intestinal flora.
    • Alcohol consumption may reduce milk supply; breastfeeding should pause for one hour per drink until sobriety.
    • Aldomet (Methyldopa) is an antihypertensive medication for pregnant women with no concerns for breastfeeding.

    Allergens and Nutritional Components

    • An allergen can provoke allergic reactions, with cow's milk often being a trigger for infants.
    • Alpha-lactalbumin is a significant protein in human milk that aids in lactose metabolism.
    • Amenorrhea during exclusive breastfeeding typically indicates a natural phase of infertility in mothers.

    Other Relevant Terms

    • Aerobic bacteria are necessary for processes in the breast, requiring oxygen.
    • Appropriate for Gestational Age (AGA) describes infants whose birth weight falls between the 10th and 90th percentiles based on growth charts.
    • Anaphylaxis is a severe allergic reaction characterized by hypersensitivity due to prior exposure to allergens.

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    Test your knowledge on the composition of breastmilk with these flashcards. Focus on the percentages of carbohydrates, fats, and proteins found in breastmilk. Perfect for those preparing for the IBCLC exam!

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