IBCLC Exam Flashcards on Breastmilk Composition

Breastmilk Composition

• Carbohydrates represent approximately 7% of breastmilk.
• Fat constitutes around 4% of breastmilk.
• Protein makes up about 0.8 - 1% of breastmilk.

Caloric Content of Breastmilk

• About 40% of the calories in breastmilk come from carbohydrates.
• Fat accounts for approximately 50% of the caloric content in breastmilk.
• Protein contributes around 10% of the calories in breastmilk.

Lactation Anatomy

• Acinus refers to the small sacs at the end of ducts, lined with secretory cells responsible for milk production.
• Alveoli are structures that secrete and store milk, surrounded by myoepithelial cells and connective tissue.

Neonatal Health

• Acrocyanosis may occur in newborns, indicated by a bluish discoloration of the hands and feet, resolving within 24 hours.
• Active immunity is acquired through the production of antibodies by the immune system.

Pharmacology and Breastfeeding

• Active transport can facilitate the movement of drugs into breastmilk.
• Acyclovir (Zovirax) is an antiviral medication for herpes infections, suitable for breastfeeding mothers.
• Antibiotic classifications:
  • Amoxicillin and Ampicillin are both safe (L2 and L1 respectively) for breastfeeding but should be monitored for changes in intestinal flora.

Maternal Conditions Related to Breastfeeding

• Alcohol consumption may reduce milk supply; breastfeeding should pause for one hour per drink until sobriety.
• Aldomet (Methyldopa) is an antihypertensive medication for pregnant women with no concerns for breastfeeding.

Allergens and Nutritional Components

• An allergen can provoke allergic reactions, with cow's milk often being a trigger for infants.
• Alpha-lactalbumin is a significant protein in human milk that aids in lactose metabolism.
• Amenorrhea during exclusive breastfeeding typically indicates a natural phase of infertility in mothers.

Other Relevant Terms

• Aerobic bacteria are necessary for processes in the breast, requiring oxygen.
• Appropriate for Gestational Age (AGA) describes infants whose birth weight falls between the 10th and 90th percentiles based on growth charts.
• Anaphylaxis is a severe allergic reaction characterized by hypersensitivity due to prior exposure to allergens.

Test your knowledge on the composition of breastmilk with these flashcards. Focus on the percentages of carbohydrates, fats, and proteins found in breastmilk. Perfect for those preparing for the IBCLC exam!