Podcast
Questions and Answers
The pre-colonial ______ houses were constructed using twigs, leaves, and supported by tree branches.
The pre-colonial ______ houses were constructed using twigs, leaves, and supported by tree branches.
lean-to
The type of shelter used by nomadic people during the pre-colonial period is:
The type of shelter used by nomadic people during the pre-colonial period is:
What is the traditional name of the stone houses built during the colonial period?
What is the traditional name of the stone houses built during the colonial period?
What pre-colonial housing structure is still used in some rural areas of the Philippines nowadays?
What pre-colonial housing structure is still used in some rural areas of the Philippines nowadays?
Signup and view all the answers
The 'chalet' style of house was originally introduced by the Spanish during the colonial period.
The 'chalet' style of house was originally introduced by the Spanish during the colonial period.
Signup and view all the answers
The Bungalow is commonly considered a pre-colonial housing structure in the Philippines.
The Bungalow is commonly considered a pre-colonial housing structure in the Philippines.
Signup and view all the answers
What is the name of the modern housing structure that represents high mid-rise structures with communal spaces?
What is the name of the modern housing structure that represents high mid-rise structures with communal spaces?
Signup and view all the answers
The condominium housing type represents a traditional Filipino housing style found in the Philippines.
The condominium housing type represents a traditional Filipino housing style found in the Philippines.
Signup and view all the answers
The housing problem in the Philippines improved after the 1970s.
The housing problem in the Philippines improved after the 1970s.
Signup and view all the answers
The number of dwellings in Region 12 of the Philippines constitutes more than 50% of the total dwellings in the country.
The number of dwellings in Region 12 of the Philippines constitutes more than 50% of the total dwellings in the country.
Signup and view all the answers
The majority of Filipino dwelling units were recorded as single-family houses in 1960.
The majority of Filipino dwelling units were recorded as single-family houses in 1960.
Signup and view all the answers
The number of single-family homes in the Philippines has been steadily increasing since the 1970s.
The number of single-family homes in the Philippines has been steadily increasing since the 1970s.
Signup and view all the answers
What are the historical origins of the housing problem in the Philippines?
What are the historical origins of the housing problem in the Philippines?
Signup and view all the answers
The primary aim of the government's housing programs during early 1900s , was to provide ‘pure slum housing for the poor’?
The primary aim of the government's housing programs during early 1900s , was to provide ‘pure slum housing for the poor’?
Signup and view all the answers
Around 60 % of Filipinos lived in slums during 1930s and 40 % of slum dwellers were living on the verge of starvation.
Around 60 % of Filipinos lived in slums during 1930s and 40 % of slum dwellers were living on the verge of starvation.
Signup and view all the answers
In 1938, a program was started to construct 2-storey buildings with modern facilities for workers.
In 1938, a program was started to construct 2-storey buildings with modern facilities for workers.
Signup and view all the answers
The cost of rent for the government-aided housing projects was around $100 per month.
The cost of rent for the government-aided housing projects was around $100 per month.
Signup and view all the answers
The government’s housing schemes mostly targeted families who lived in the urban areas.
The government’s housing schemes mostly targeted families who lived in the urban areas.
Signup and view all the answers
The "Homesite Act" and the "Homeless Act" were passed in 1930s to address the housing problems.
The "Homesite Act" and the "Homeless Act" were passed in 1930s to address the housing problems.
Signup and view all the answers
The 'People’s Homesite and Housing Corporation' was created with the primary objective of providing land for families and workers.
The 'People’s Homesite and Housing Corporation' was created with the primary objective of providing land for families and workers.
Signup and view all the answers
The 1970s marked the beginning of the government's housing program becoming more comprehensive, with a focus on ensuring affordable housing.
The 1970s marked the beginning of the government's housing program becoming more comprehensive, with a focus on ensuring affordable housing.
Signup and view all the answers
The "Tenement Law" was focused on regulating the construction of multi-storey tenement houses built for laborers.
The "Tenement Law" was focused on regulating the construction of multi-storey tenement houses built for laborers.
Signup and view all the answers
The "National Housing Act" of 1978, primarily aimed at providing housing for low- and middle-income families.
The "National Housing Act" of 1978, primarily aimed at providing housing for low- and middle-income families.
Signup and view all the answers
The government’s housing program was highly effective in addressing the housing problem in the Philippines.
The government’s housing program was highly effective in addressing the housing problem in the Philippines.
Signup and view all the answers
The government's housing program was more focused on people in urban areas.
The government's housing program was more focused on people in urban areas.
Signup and view all the answers
The 1980s marked the beginning of the ‘urban redevelopment’ approach to address the housing problem.
The 1980s marked the beginning of the ‘urban redevelopment’ approach to address the housing problem.
Signup and view all the answers
What is the name of the government agency responsible for the housing needs of the lowest 30% of the urban population?
What is the name of the government agency responsible for the housing needs of the lowest 30% of the urban population?
Signup and view all the answers
The “Urban Land Reform Act” focuses on regulating the ownership, price, and rent of land in urban areas.
The “Urban Land Reform Act” focuses on regulating the ownership, price, and rent of land in urban areas.
Signup and view all the answers
The biggest challenge for the government agencies in the Philippines is the lack of land for housing projects.
The biggest challenge for the government agencies in the Philippines is the lack of land for housing projects.
Signup and view all the answers
The government’s housing projects were mostly focused on the upper, middle, and lower income groups.
The government’s housing projects were mostly focused on the upper, middle, and lower income groups.
Signup and view all the answers
Which agency is the main coordinating body for the housing programs in the Philippines?
Which agency is the main coordinating body for the housing programs in the Philippines?
Signup and view all the answers
The government’s housing programs in the Philippines are highly successful in addressing the housing problems.
The government’s housing programs in the Philippines are highly successful in addressing the housing problems.
Signup and view all the answers
The ‘urban redevelopment’ approach was highly effective in addressing the housing problems.
The ‘urban redevelopment’ approach was highly effective in addressing the housing problems.
Signup and view all the answers
The government’s housing program was focused on socialized housing in the 1970s.
The government’s housing program was focused on socialized housing in the 1970s.
Signup and view all the answers
The government’s housing program was focused on ensuring that the housing projects were built in line with the needs of the people.
The government’s housing program was focused on ensuring that the housing projects were built in line with the needs of the people.
Signup and view all the answers
Study Notes
Filipino Housing Development
- Early Shelters: Caves and rock shelters were used by Filipinos for seasonal habitation.
- Lean-to: Pre-colonial Filipino homes were simple lean-tos, constructed from twigs and leaves supported by branches. They provided temporary shade.
- Nipa Hut (Bahay Kubo): A prevalent pre-colonial and colonial dwelling, primarily constructed from nipa and bamboo. Often built on stilts. This housing style is still used today in rural areas.
- Stone House (Bahay na Bato): Spanish colonizers introduced stone foundations and brick lower walls, often topped with wooden upper stories and tiled roofs. These were more elaborate structures favored by the middle class and officials. Influenced heavily by Spanish architecture.
- Chaalet (Tsalet): American colonial influence brought emphasis on sanitation. A combination of colonial features with tropical vernacular elements. Houses came with sanitary facilities like toilets.
- Bungalow: An American colonial-style, low-rise structure. Commonly features a pitched roof and a horizontal design. Sometimes with gardens and a parking area. Became popular in urban areas.
- Apartment/Townhouse: Modern residential structures. Composed of modern materials (glass, steel, reinforced concrete). Usually low-to-mid rise.
- Condominium: A type of high-rise modern dwelling. Includes communal space, services like security, waste management, and concierge. Usually found in urban commercial areas.
History of Housing in the Philippines
- Pre-War Conditions: Overcrowding and sanitation problems prompted government intervention during the American regime.
- Government Intervention (1930s): The American regime focused on sanitation drives, establishing "sanitary barrios" for families relocating from congested areas to prevent breeding grounds for crime.
- 1920s Housing Policies: Efforts to develop a housing policy, mostly centered in Manila.
- Homesite Act (1936): Authorized government acquisition of land for housing development of labor.
- Post-War (1940s): Housing programs focused on slum clearance and relocation, with increasing private sector involvement.
- 1960s and 1970s: Housing programs expanded but were often piecemeal, with little coordination between agencies. Focus was on low and middle-income groups.
- 1980s and 1990s: Increased awareness of the housing problem. Increased involvement of private and public sectors, but not enough widespread positive impact on the housing sector.
Trends and Patterns (1960-1980)
- Housing Stock Increase: A significant growth in the number of dwelling units from 1960 to 1980.
- Regional Distribution: NCR and Region 4 had the most housing, while Region 12 had the least.
- Occupancy Rate: 1970 had the highest occupancy rate; 1960 and 1980 had similar rate of 97%.
- Housing Type: Single houses made up a large portion of the housing stock in those years.
Housing Problems in the Philippines
-
Migration: Filipinos leave rural areas for urban areas in search of employment and better opportunities.
-
Housing Backlog: A significant gap between existing housing supply and the need for housing.
-
Poverty and Inequality: Poverty is a key factor contributing to slum-like conditions and homelessness.
-
Lack of Affordable Housing: Insufficient affordable housing options for low-income families.
-
Disasters: The country is exposed to frequent earthquakes, typhoons, and other natural hazards.
-
Overcrowding: Urban areas are often densely populated, a contributing factor to many housing issues.
-
Accessibility to basic services: Many informal settlers and low-income groups lack access to basic services, such as water, sanitation, and transportation.
Disaster-Resistant Building Strategies
- Wind Protection: Designing buildings for wind pressure and suction, limiting drift, and incorporating fire protection standards.
- Fire Protection: Implementing fire protection standards, fire division, height and area restrictions, and incorporating fire detection systems into building designs.
- Earthquake Protection: Using seismic-resistant materials, strengthening the foundation, joining walls and roofs, reinforcing columns with bracing to resist lateral forces, and tying together roof trusses and exterior materials.
- Flood Protection: Elevating houses above floodplain elevations, securing foundations on higher ground to prevent flooding or other disasters (such as landslides), and avoiding high-density development in vulnerable areas.
Important Governing Agencies & Organizations
- National Housing Authority (NHA): A government agency responsible for the management of housing and urban development efforts.
- Home Development Mutual Fund (Pag-IBIG): A fund that collects savings from workers to provide affordable housing options and loans.
- Social Housing Finance Corporation (SHFC): Governs community mortgage programs(CMP).
- National Home Mortgage Finance Corporation (NHMFC): Aims to increase availability of affordable housing loans.
- Human Settlements Adjudication Commission (HSAC): Handles quasi-judicial processes related to real estate, homeowner associations, and appeals from local and regional planning and zoning decisions.
- Department of Human Settlements and Urban Development (DHSUD): Oversees housing and urban development; consolidates functions of the Housing and Land Use Regulatory Board (HLURB) and the Housing and Urban Development Coordinating Council (HUDCC).
Other Relevant Organizations and Resources
- UN-Habitat: The UN agency for human settlements.
- International Organization for Migration (IOM): Assists governments in addressing migration issues.
- Catholic Relief Services (CRS): Provides humanitarian assistance to people facing disaster or crisis.
Studying That Suits You
Use AI to generate personalized quizzes and flashcards to suit your learning preferences.
