Podcast
Questions and Answers
What is the primary rational component required for making virtuous decisions?
What is the primary rational component required for making virtuous decisions?
How is acquiring moral character compared?
How is acquiring moral character compared?
What does practicing good habits ultimately lead to?
What does practicing good habits ultimately lead to?
According to Aquinas, what is necessary for a person to follow commands of reason?
According to Aquinas, what is necessary for a person to follow commands of reason?
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What is one of the two kinds of persons described?
What is one of the two kinds of persons described?
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What does eudaimonia represent in the context of human existence?
What does eudaimonia represent in the context of human existence?
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According to the content, how does a virtuous person change through practice?
According to the content, how does a virtuous person change through practice?
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Why is moral character considered essential in making good choices?
Why is moral character considered essential in making good choices?
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What does virtue ethics primarily focus on?
What does virtue ethics primarily focus on?
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How are virtues categorized?
How are virtues categorized?
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What is necessary for the ultimate purpose of humanity?
What is necessary for the ultimate purpose of humanity?
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What is practical wisdom in the context of virtue ethics?
What is practical wisdom in the context of virtue ethics?
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What aspect relates courage to its effectiveness?
What aspect relates courage to its effectiveness?
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According to virtue ethics, how are virtues expressed?
According to virtue ethics, how are virtues expressed?
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What role do bodily appetites play in virtue ethics?
What role do bodily appetites play in virtue ethics?
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What does the term 'virtue' encompass in this context?
What does the term 'virtue' encompass in this context?
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What does Martha Nussbaum imply about the cardinal virtues?
What does Martha Nussbaum imply about the cardinal virtues?
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What is a weakness of virtue ethics?
What is a weakness of virtue ethics?
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How does one acquire virtue?
How does one acquire virtue?
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According to Nussbaum, which of the following is NOT a universal need among individuals?
According to Nussbaum, which of the following is NOT a universal need among individuals?
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What does Nussbaum argue about the relativist approach to virtue ethics?
What does Nussbaum argue about the relativist approach to virtue ethics?
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What is necessary to attribute a virtue to someone?
What is necessary to attribute a virtue to someone?
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What does 'practical wisdom' refer to in the context of virtue ethics?
What does 'practical wisdom' refer to in the context of virtue ethics?
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Why is belief without knowledge considered unstable?
Why is belief without knowledge considered unstable?
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What role does practice play in acquiring virtue?
What role does practice play in acquiring virtue?
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According to Aristotle, how do individuals learn moral virtues?
According to Aristotle, how do individuals learn moral virtues?
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What distinguishes practical wisdom from wisdom in the sciences?
What distinguishes practical wisdom from wisdom in the sciences?
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What does Aquinas refer to when he speaks of 'prudence'?
What does Aquinas refer to when he speaks of 'prudence'?
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What is a necessary condition for someone to act virtuously?
What is a necessary condition for someone to act virtuously?
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What does the Doctrine of the Mean describe?
What does the Doctrine of the Mean describe?
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Why is habit considered crucial in practicing virtues?
Why is habit considered crucial in practicing virtues?
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Which of the following best describes the vices mentioned in the Doctrine of the Mean?
Which of the following best describes the vices mentioned in the Doctrine of the Mean?
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According to the Doctrine of the Mean, the ideal mean is:
According to the Doctrine of the Mean, the ideal mean is:
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What does G.E.M. Anscombe argue in her 1958 article?
What does G.E.M. Anscombe argue in her 1958 article?
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What is indicated by the phrase 'like activities produce like dispositions'?
What is indicated by the phrase 'like activities produce like dispositions'?
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Which of the following is not part of the Doctrine of the Mean?
Which of the following is not part of the Doctrine of the Mean?
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What role do moral exemplars play in understanding virtues?
What role do moral exemplars play in understanding virtues?
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Study Notes
Virtue Ethics
- Practical reason is necessary for making virtuous decisions.
- Acquiring moral character is like learning a skill, requiring practice and repetition.
- Practicing good habits ultimately leads to virtuous behavior becoming second nature.
- Following the commands of reason requires a person to have good will and practical wisdom.
- One of the two kinds of persons described is the continent person who struggles against their desires but chooses the right course of action.
- Eudaimonia represents human flourishing and fulfillment in life.
- A virtuous person develops virtuous habits through practice, which becomes ingrained in their character.
- Moral character is essential in making good choices because it provides a stable framework for ethical decision-making.
- Virtue ethics focuses on developing good character rather than following rules or maximizing utility.
- Virtues are categorized as intellectual and moral.
- Practical wisdom is necessary for the ultimate purpose of humanity, which is to live a flourishing life.
- Practical wisdom in virtue ethics refers to the ability to make sound judgments about what is right and good in specific situations.
- Courage is effective when it is proportional to the situation at hand.
- Virtues are expressed through actions that are consistent with the virtuous character.
- Bodily appetites are recognized, but they should be controlled by reason and virtue.
- The term 'virtue' encompasses excellence and habitual disposition to act in accordance with moral principles.
- Martha Nussbaum implies that the cardinal virtues are universal and essential for human flourishing.
- A weakness of virtue ethics is its lack of clear-cut rules for resolving ethical dilemmas.
- Virtue is acquired through repeated practice and developing habits of virtuous behavior.
- According to Nussbaum, universal needs among individuals include practical reason, sociality, affiliation, and bodily health.
- Nussbaum argues that a relativist approach to virtue ethics undermines its universality.
- To attribute a virtue to someone, it must be demonstrated through consistent actions over time.
- 'Practical wisdom' refers to the ability to apply knowledge and virtues to real-life situations.
- Belief without knowledge is unstable because it can be easily swayed by emotions and personal biases.
- Practice plays a crucial role in acquiring virtue by consistently acting in accordance with virtuous principles.
- Individuals learn moral virtues by habitually engaging in virtuous actions.
- Practical wisdom differs from scientific wisdom because it deals with contingent and ever-changing situations.
- Aquinas refers to 'prudence' as practical wisdom, the ability to make sound judgments in concrete situations.
- A necessary condition for someone to act virtuously is to know what is right and to intend to act virtuously.
- The Doctrine of the Mean describes the ideal balance between extremes in virtue, avoiding both excess and deficiency.
- Habit is crucial in practicing virtues because it shapes our character and makes virtuous behavior more natural.
- The vices mentioned in the Doctrine of the Mean are excesses and deficiencies of virtues.
- The ideal mean is not a rigid midpoint but rather a flexible balance determined by the specific situation.
- G.E.M. Anscombe argues that the concept of "morality" is incoherent without understanding the meaning of virtue.
- The phrase 'like activities produce like dispositions' indicates that repeated actions lead to the development of corresponding character traits.
- The Doctrine of the Mean does not emphasize the importance of emotions in moral development.
- Moral exemplars play a crucial role in understanding virtues by providing concrete examples of virtuous behavior.
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