Hypothermia and Hyperthermia Prevention

Overexertion and Dehydration

• Signs and symptoms: thirst, vomiting, cracked lips, diarrhea, dry mouth, dizziness, dry eyes, weakness, fatigue, tiredness, nausea
• Safety protocols: wear proper gear and attire, do stretching and warm-up, take frequent short breaks, apply cooling mechanisms, drink water throughout the day to stay hydrated

Hypothermia

• Occurs when body temperature drops to dangerously low levels
• Caused by exposure to cold weather or immersion in cold water
• Signs and symptoms: shivering, clumsiness, slow and shallow breathing, pale skin, slurred speech, low body temperature, blue or cold skin, disorientation, unresponsive to pain, weak pulse, drowsiness, unconsciousness
• Safety protocols: be physically, mentally, and technically ready, protect body from cold with warm clothing, avoid exposure to cold environment, keep yourself dry and warm, eat and drink warm foods and beverages, consume more carbohydrates, don't overexert, seek immediate medical help when suspected

Hyperthermia

• Occurs when body temperature rises to an alarming level
• Comes in stages, including heat rash, heat stress, heat syncope, heat cramps, heat exhaustion, and heat stroke
• Caused by prolonged exposure to heat or excessive perspiration without sufficient hydration during physical activity
• Signs and symptoms: high body temperature, headache, chills or shivering, thirst, profuse sweating, disorientation, muscle cramps, shallow breathing, convulsions, fatigue, pale or red face, unconsciousness, dizziness, weak or rapid pulse
• Safety protocols: be physically, mentally, and technically prepared, wear proper gear and clothing, avoid prolonged exposure to heat, take frequent cool-down breaks, apply cooling mechanisms, stay well-hydrated, drink plenty of water and fluids containing electrolytes, know and respect your body's limitations, seek immediate medical help when heat exhaustion or heat stroke is suspected

Objectives

• Identify signs and symptoms of dehydration, overexertion, hypothermia, and hyperthermia during MVPA participation
• Observe personal safety protocols to avoid dehydration, overexertion, hypothermia, and hyperthermia during MVPA participation

Recreational Activities: Aquatics

• Includes sports that take place in and on water, such as swimming, surfing, sailing, snorkeling, canoeing, kayaking, water polo, water aerobics, and scuba diving
• Aquatic activities refer to motor activities performed in water that may be utilitarian, competitive, educational, therapeutic, or recreational