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Questions and Answers
What is the main focus of Lesson 5: Safety Practices in Outdoor Recreation?
What is the main focus of Lesson 5: Safety Practices in Outdoor Recreation?
What is essential for administering first aid?
What is essential for administering first aid?
What can still occur even after a venomous snake's death?
What can still occur even after a venomous snake's death?
What fuels the reflexes of a dead snake?
What fuels the reflexes of a dead snake?
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What was the occupation of the person who suffered a fatal snake bite in China?
What was the occupation of the person who suffered a fatal snake bite in China?
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What should you do if someone's clothes are stuck to their skin after a burn?
What should you do if someone's clothes are stuck to their skin after a burn?
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What type of delicacy was being prepared when the fatal snake bite occurred?
What type of delicacy was being prepared when the fatal snake bite occurred?
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What is the first step in treating a burn if the person is still on fire?
What is the first step in treating a burn if the person is still on fire?
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What should you do to a person with a second-degree burn to prevent shock?
What should you do to a person with a second-degree burn to prevent shock?
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What should you avoid applying to a burn to prevent infection?
What should you avoid applying to a burn to prevent infection?
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What should you do to a first-degree burn if running water is not available?
What should you do to a first-degree burn if running water is not available?
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Why should you not apply ice to a second-degree burn?
Why should you not apply ice to a second-degree burn?
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What is a possible reason for headaches during trekking or hiking?
What is a possible reason for headaches during trekking or hiking?
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What is the primary cause of altitude sickness?
What is the primary cause of altitude sickness?
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What is the result of fluids accumulating in the lungs in high-altitude pulmonary edema?
What is the result of fluids accumulating in the lungs in high-altitude pulmonary edema?
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What is the effect of high-altitude cerebral edema on a person's mental state?
What is the effect of high-altitude cerebral edema on a person's mental state?
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Why is it important to observe the source of a headache problem?
Why is it important to observe the source of a headache problem?
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What is a possible consequence of untreated high-altitude pulmonary edema?
What is a possible consequence of untreated high-altitude pulmonary edema?
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What is the safest way to remove a leech?
What is the safest way to remove a leech?
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What percentage of snakes are venomous?
What percentage of snakes are venomous?
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What is a distinctive feature of venomous snakes' heads?
What is a distinctive feature of venomous snakes' heads?
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What should you do immediately after a snake bite?
What should you do immediately after a snake bite?
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What is the ranking of drowning as a cause of death among children and young people?
What is the ranking of drowning as a cause of death among children and young people?
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In which year was the World Conference on Drowning Prevention held?
In which year was the World Conference on Drowning Prevention held?
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What should you do to control pain caused by a stingray wound?
What should you do to control pain caused by a stingray wound?
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How should you remove stinging hairs from your skin if you come into contact with poison ivy or oak?
How should you remove stinging hairs from your skin if you come into contact with poison ivy or oak?
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What should you do if you are stung by a stingray?
What should you do if you are stung by a stingray?
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What should you avoid doing when treating a wound caused by a stingray?
What should you avoid doing when treating a wound caused by a stingray?
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How long does the rash caused by poison ivy, oak, or sumac usually last?
How long does the rash caused by poison ivy, oak, or sumac usually last?
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What is the substance in poison ivy, oak, and sumac that causes a rash?
What is the substance in poison ivy, oak, and sumac that causes a rash?
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Study Notes
Headaches
- Headaches can occur during trekking or hiking due to lack of eye protection, tension in the neck, dehydration, and swelling of brain tissue.
- Dehydration can cause headaches, especially when consuming large amounts of water without taking salt tablets.
- Over-the-counter medicines like paracetamol, ibuprofen, or aspirin can be taken to prevent further discomfort.
Altitude/Mountain Sickness
- Altitude sickness occurs when the body cannot acclimatize to high altitudes quickly enough, leading to low oxygen levels.
- Triggering factors may include ascending too quickly, overexertion, inadequate fluid intake, hypothermia, and alcohol consumption.
- Altitude sickness can range from mild to life-threatening, including High Altitude Pulmonary Edema (HAPE) and High Altitude Cerebral Edema (HACE).
- HAPE causes fluids to accumulate in the lungs, making breathing extremely difficult, while HACE causes fluid buildup in the brain, leading to swelling and changes in mental state.
Safety Practices in Outdoor Recreation
- This lesson covers medical injuries and illnesses commonly encountered in outdoor recreation and how to help others in these situations.
- Discussions include aquatic and environmental hazards that might cause illnesses and injuries.
DID YOU KNOW?
- Venomous snakes can still inflict fatal bites even after death due to retained reflexes in the brain.
- Ions or electrically charged particles in nerve cells fuel this reflex, allowing the snake to react via an electrical impulse that stimulates the mouth muscles.
Burns or Scalds
- Burns or scalds are injuries caused by hot liquids or heat.
- If on fire, stop the burning immediately using the "stop, drop, and roll" method, then remove flamed material from the person.
- Remove constrictive clothing, and immerse the affected area in cool water or apply a compress if no running water is available.
- For first-degree burns, put the affected area under running water or immerse in cool water until pain subsides.
- For second-degree burns, immerse in cool water for 10-15 minutes or apply a compress; protect the burn with a sterile, non-stick bandage.
Snake Bites
- Not all snakes are venomous; only 600 out of 3000 species are venomous.
- Venomous snakes typically have triangular-shaped heads and elliptical eyes, and often have a color pattern.
- When bitten by a snake, remember the snake's appearance, as this information will be helpful.
- The Department of Health has released important advisories on first aid for snake bites.
Drowning
- Drowning is among the top 10 leading causes of death for children and young people aged 1-24 years globally.
- Scrub the wound with soap and rinse with fresh water; do not close the wound with tape.
Stingray
- If stung by a stingray, call a lifeguard and seek medical help immediately, as there is no antidote for stingray venom.
- Immerse the affected area in hot water (as hot as can be tolerated) for 30-90 minutes to control pain.
- Remove any large spines from the wound using tweezers, and clean the wound with soap and fresh water.
Environmental Hazards
- Poison ivy, poison oak, and poison sumac are plants that can cause an itchy rash upon contact due to the substance urushiol.
- Remove stinging hairs from the skin quickly to prevent the poison from entering the body.
- Various methods can be used to remove the hairs, such as using duct tape or tweezers.
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Description
Learn about medical injuries and illnesses that occur in outdoor recreation, including aquatic and environmental hazards, and how to administer first aid.
