18 Questions
What does an elevated TSH suggest?
Loss of the ability of the thyroid gland to synthesize hormone
Which nuclei give rise to axons that pass to the posterior pituitary via the hypothalamohypophysial tract?
Supraoptic and paraventricular nuclei
Which part of the brain integrates autonomic mechanisms for maintaining internal chemical constancy and temperature?
Hypothalamus
What is the embryological origin of the posterior pituitary gland?
Diencephalon
What is the main function of the hypothalamus with regard to emotional and instinctual behavior?
Regulation of hormonal functions
Which lobe of the pituitary gland receives neural connections from the hypothalamus?
Posterior lobe
What does the text suggest is the function of positive feedback loops in the endocrine system?
To enhance the original release mechanism
Which organ is primarily affected when a negative feedback loop leads to dampening of the hormone release mechanism?
Pituitary gland
Which type of feedback loop involves the enhancement or continued stimulation of the original release mechanism?
Positive feedback loop
What diagnostic strategy is mentioned in the text with regards to evaluating patients suspected of endocrine disorders?
Evaluating TSH levels
In what setting are positive feedback mechanisms typically observed?
Settings that need momentum for an eventual outcome
What is the physiologic role of β-lipotropin (β-LPH) that is secreted with ACTH?
Promotes fat breakdown
How is the responsiveness of target cells to hormonal action related to feedback control in the endocrine system?
Target cell responsiveness feeds back to control hormone release
What are the six established hypothalamic releasing and inhibiting hormones?
Corticotropin-releasing hormone, thyrotropin-releasing hormone, growth hormone–releasing hormone, growth hormone–inhibiting hormone, luteinizing hormone–releasing hormone, prolactin-inhibiting hormone
Where are hypophysiotropic hormones commonly secreted into?
Portal hypophysial vessels
Which type of blood has the highest concentration of hypophysiotropic hormones?
Portal hypophysial blood
Which term is now generally used to refer to what were previously known as growth hormone–inhibiting hormones?
Somatostatin
What is the nature of the control of anterior pituitary secretion from the hypothalamus to the pituitary?
Chemical control via portal hypophysial vessels
Explore the intricate mechanisms involved in maintaining the chemical balance and temperature of the internal environment through the hypothalamus. Learn about the relationship between TSH levels and thyroid function.
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