أسئلة الخامسة جراحة رابعة دمياط (أطفال)

Which of the following electrolyte imbalances is commonly associated with hypertrophic pyloric stenosis?

A 3-week-old male infant presents with non-bilious projectile vomiting after each feeding. Which of the following is the MOST likely diagnosis?

During the physical examination of an infant with suspected pyloric stenosis, what palpable finding is MOST indicative of this condition?

What seasonal variation is most associated with Hypertrophic Pyloric Stenosis?

What is the MOST appropriate initial step in managing an infant diagnosed with hypertrophic pyloric stenosis?

Which of the following radiological findings is MOST indicative of hypertrophic pyloric stenosis on an upper gastrointestinal contrast study?

What is the primary goal of the Ramstedt pyloromyotomy procedure in the treatment of hypertrophic pyloric stenosis?

What is the expected male to female ratio of infants affected by Hypertrophic Pyloric Stenosis?

Besides dehydration, which of the following is a known complication of Hypertrophic Pyloric Stenosis?

Apart from genetic and familial factors, what is an environmental etiological factor that can cause Hypertrophic Pyloric Stenosis?

An infant presents with non-bilious projectile vomiting. Lab results show hypochloremic, hypokalemic metabolic alkalosis. Which of the following best explains the underlying pathophysiology leading to these electrolyte imbalances?

After initial resuscitation, an infant with pyloric stenosis is scheduled for a Ramstedt pyloromyotomy. What is the MOST important consideration for the surgeon during this procedure?

What would be the MOST appropriate initial fluid management strategy for an infant presenting with signs of dehydration due to hypertrophic pyloric stenosis?

Which finding on an abdominal ultrasound is MOST consistent with the diagnosis of hypertrophic pyloric stenosis?

An infant with pyloric stenosis experiences persistent vomiting despite appropriate fluid resuscitation. Which of the following acid-base imbalances is MOST likely to develop?

During the surgical correction of pyloric stenosis, what is the PRIMARY reason for carefully avoiding injury to the mucosa?

Besides hypertrophic pyloric stenosis, what other medical condition would be on the differential for bilious vomiting?

What is the aim of Potassium administration in the treatment of Hypertrophic Pyloric Stenosis?

Besides the genetic or familial etiology, what other cause has been linked to Hypertrophic Pyloric Stenosis?

Gastric peristaltic waves that move from the left costal margin to the pylorus can be observed for infants with Hypertrophic Pyloric Stenosis. What does this observation suggest?

In the context of hypertrophic pyloric stenosis, what is the rationale behind administering intravenous fluids containing potassium chloride after initial resuscitation with normal saline?

An infant with hypertrophic pyloric stenosis presents with a palpable 'olive' mass and visible peristaltic waves. Which statement BEST integrates this clinical presentation with the underlying pathophysiology?

What is the MOST critical difference in the presentation of emesis between pyloric stenosis and other causes of vomiting in infants, and how does this difference inform diagnostic considerations?

After successful surgical correction of pyloric stenosis via pyloromyotomy, an infant continues to exhibit forceful vomiting. What is the MOST likely reason for the persistence of this symptom?

An infant diagnosed with hypertrophic pyloric stenosis has undergone initial resuscitation. What is the clinical rationale for delaying surgical intervention until the infant demonstrates adequate urine output and normalized electrolyte levels?

Which of the following statements BEST explains the increased risk of hypertrophic pyloric stenosis in first-born male infants, considering genetic and epigenetic factors?

In managing an infant with hypertrophic pyloric stenosis-induced metabolic alkalosis, what compensatory mechanisms should the clinician anticipate, and how do these mechanisms influence management strategies?

While assessing an infant with suspected pyloric stenosis using abdominal ultrasound, the sonographer struggles to visualize the pylorus adequately. Which of the following maneuvers is MOST likely to improve visualization and diagnostic accuracy?

An infant with confirmed hypertrophic pyloric stenosis is being prepared for Ramstedt pyloromyotomy. Which of the following pre-operative findings would MOST strongly suggest the presence of a concurrent metabolic derangement that requires further investigation beyond typical pyloric stenosis-related electrolyte abnormalities?

Following a Ramstedt pyloromyotomy, an infant exhibits persistent irritability and feeding intolerance, alongside signs of abdominal distension. What potential complication should be HIGHEST on the list of differential diagnoses?