Questions and Answers
What is the defining characteristic of hypertonic solutions?
They have higher solute concentrations than inside cells
Which solution is an example of a hypertonic solution?
Lactated Ringer's solution
What can happen if a cell is exposed to a hypotonic solution?
The cell will burst
What advantage is associated with using hypertonic solutions during critical illnesses?
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Why is it important to choose the correct electrolyte replacement during critical illnesses?
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Study Notes
Hypertonic Solutions refer to liquids with higher concentrations of solutes than those found inside cells. These solutions have more osmotic pressure than normal saline which is used to treat severe dehydration or shock situations. Examples of such solutions include lactated Ringer's solution, Dextran 70, and 6% sodium chloride. Some advantages of using hypertonic solutions include reduced cerebral edema, neuroprotection, improved hemodynamic stability, and enhanced tissue oxygen delivery. In contrast, hypotonic solutions contain fewer solute particles compared to body fluids, causing water to flow into the cell by osmosis. This can result in swelling from excess fluid uptake and even bursting if there is too much fluid. For this reason, it is essential to choose the correct type of electrolyte replacement during critical illnesses like sepsis or multiple organ dysfunction syndrome (MODS).
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