Hypertonic Solutions in Dialysis Treatment

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What is the purpose of using a hypertonic solution in the case of liver and kidney failure?

To dilute the body fluids

To increase the concentration of electrolytes

To reduce the accumulation of fluid in the body (correct)

To increase fluid retention

What is the composition of the intraperitoneal dialysis solutions?

They contain a variety of organic compounds and no inorganic ions.

They contain only electrolytes and no dextrose.

They contain Na+, Ca++, Mg++, Cl-, and HCO3-. (correct)

They contain only dextrose and water.

How is the concentration of solutes in these dialysis solutions expressed?

In terms of moles per liter

In terms of parts per million

In terms of milliequivalents, millimoles, or milliosmoles (correct)

In terms of grams per milliliter

What is the relationship between molecular weight and milliequivalents?

Milliequivalents = Molecular weight in grams / valency Signup and view all the answers

What is the concentration in g/ml of a solution containing 4 mEq of calcium chloride (CaCl2.2H2O) per ml?

0.294 g/ml Signup and view all the answers

A solution contains 10 mg% of K+. What is the concentration of K+ in terms of mEq/L?

2.6 mEq/L Signup and view all the answers

What is the atomic weight of potassium (K+)?

$39.1 g/mol$ Signup and view all the answers

What is the molecular weight of sodium chloride (NaCl)?

$58.5 g/mol$ Signup and view all the answers

How many milliliters of a 0.9% sterile solution of sodium chloride should be administered to a person weighing 132 lb who needs to receive 2 mEq of sodium chloride per kilogram of body weight?

$780 mL$ Signup and view all the answers

What is the equivalent amount of chloride (Cl-) in milligrams for 1 mEq of potassium chloride (KCl)?

$35.5 mg$ Signup and view all the answers

What is the equivalent amount of calcium (Ca++) in milligrams for 1 mEq of calcium chloride (CaCl2)?

$20 mg$ Signup and view all the answers

How do electrolytes play a role in controlling body water volume?

By establishing osmotic pressure, which is proportional to the number of particles in solution. Signup and view all the answers

What is the unit used to measure osmotic activity?

mOsm Signup and view all the answers

For non-electrolytes like dextrose, how many milliosmoles are represented by 1 millimole?

1 milliosmole Signup and view all the answers

For an electrolyte like sodium chloride (NaCl), how many milliosmoles are represented by 1 millimole?

2 milliosmoles Signup and view all the answers

For a solution containing 5% anhydrous dextrose in water for injection, how many milliosmoles per liter are represented?

278 mOsm/L Signup and view all the answers

For a solution containing 156 mg of K+ ions per 100 mL, how many milliosmoles are present in a liter of the solution?

40 milliosmoles Signup and view all the answers

For a 0.9% sodium chloride solution, how many milliosmoles are present in a liter of the solution?

307.7 milliosmoles Signup and view all the answers

Hypertonic Solutions in Dialysis Treatment

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