25 Questions
Which type of hypersensitivity reaction is a cell-mediated response?
Type IV
What is the main characteristic of IgE antibodies?
They attach to the surface of mast cells
What is the term used to describe the undesirable effect of the immune response damaging tissues?
Hypersensitivity
Which immunologists devised the Gell and Coombs system for classifying hypersensitivity reactions?
Gell and Coombs
What is the main cause of hypersensitivity reactions?
Inappropriately directed immunity
Which type of hypersensitivity reaction involves antibodies formed in response to antigenic material?
Type I
What is the term used to describe the severe liver damage in hepatitis C infection mediated by immune T cells?
Bystander effect
What is the main characteristic of Type I hypersensitivity reactions?
They involve antibodies formed in response to antigenic material
Which cells release preformed cytoplasmic granules filled with histamine, proteases, and cytokines in response to cross linking of IgE molecules by antigen binding?
Mast cells
What are the mediators released from mast cells and eosinophils that result in an acute asthma attack?
All of the above
What is the process called when an individual becomes allergic to specific antigens and develops localized IgE-mediated reactions?
Atopic allergy
Which type of immune response is protective against developing asthma?
Th1 immune response
What is the term used to describe a severe generalized IgE-mediated hypersensitivity reaction that may be life-threatening?
Anaphylaxis
What triggers anaphylaxis in a susceptible person after initial sensitization?
Exposure to an allergen
What type of immune response is associated with the hygiene hypothesis, which suggests early exposure to environmental allergens may protect against asthma?
Th1 immune response
What is the method of treatment called that involves immunizing an allergic individual to the offending allergen by repeated subcutaneous injections of the antigen?
Desensitization
Which of the following is true about an anaphylactoid reaction?
All of the above
What is the treatment for an anaphylactic reaction?
Epinephrine and other appropriate agents.
What can trigger an anaphylactoid reaction?
Aspirin.
What is scombroid poisoning?
A reaction caused by histamine in fish flesh.
What happens when histamine is ingested in scombroid poisoning?
It triggers an anaphylactoid reaction.
What is the cause of an anaphylactoid reaction?
Direct action on mast cells.
Which of the following can trigger an anaphylactoid reaction?
Antibiotics.
What is the similarity between an anaphylactic reaction and an anaphylactoid reaction?
Both can produce severe reactions.
What is the difference between an anaphylactic reaction and an anaphylactoid reaction?
The cause.
Test your knowledge on hypersensitivity reactions and the immune system's role in protecting us from foreign substances. Learn about the causes and effects of hypersensitivity, including inappropriately directed immunity and "bystander" damage to normal tissue.
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