Hydralazine/Isosorbide Combination Therapy
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Questions and Answers

What is the first-line treatment for urticaria?

  • Levocetirizine and famotidine (correct)
  • Systemic prednisone
  • Omalizumab
  • Epi-pen
  • What is the initial management strategy for patients with urticaria according to the text?

  • Order immediate lab work including CBC, ESR, and LFTs
  • Start treatment with Omalizumab (Xolair) in all cases
  • Refer all patients with urticaria to the ER for assessment
  • Identify and avoid triggers, prescribe antihistamines, consider systemic prednisone (correct)
  • Which condition presents with swelling of the subdermis and may be associated with colicky abdominal pain, nausea, vomiting, and diarrhea?

  • SLE (lupus)
  • Mast cell disorders
  • Schnitzler syndrome
  • Hereditary angioedema (correct)
  • Which type of angioedema is not associated with other symptoms of an allergic reaction?

    <p>Bradykinin-induced angioedema</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which lab test may show possible vasculitis in patients with urticaria?

    <p>Cryoglobulin levels</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which medication is prescribed for acute or chronic idiopathic urticaria that does not respond to other treatments?

    <p>Omalizumab (Xolair)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is considered the 'gold standard' for assessing the health of the liver?

    <p>Liver biopsy</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT a typical presentation of cirrhosis?

    <p>High blood pressure</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What risk do patients with fatty liver disease face in relation to cardiovascular events?

    <p>Increased risk</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a possible limitation of a liver biopsy in assessing liver health?

    <p>Sampling error</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which test measures sound waves to estimate the scarring of the liver?

    <p>Fibroscan</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main reason for prescribing a combination of Hydralazine and Isosorbide in African American patients?

    <p>To increase survival and quality of life</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a significant side effect of prolonged use of Hydralazine?

    <p>Lupus-like syndrome</p> Signup and view all the answers

    When is Ivabradine/Corlanor indicated for use?

    <p>In patients with chronic heart failure and specific criteria</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the recommended initial dosing for Ivabradine/Corlanor?

    <p>5 mg twice daily with meals</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which side effect is associated with Ivabradine/Corlanor?

    <p>Bradycardia</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why might a physician choose to prescribe BiDil instead of the combination of Hydralazine and Isosorbide separately?

    <p>BiDil is more cost-effective</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following symptoms is NOT commonly associated with tuberculosis disease (active TB)?

    <p>Sore throat</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the preferred initial screening test for tuberculosis?

    <p>Mantoux test</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which group of individuals has a lower threshold for a positive TST (Tuberculin Skin Test)?

    <p>Persons who are HIV positive</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the most rapid and inexpensive diagnostic tool for tuberculosis?

    <p>Sputum AFB (acid-fast bacilli) test</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following conditions does NOT warrant a TB skin test result of <5 mm to be considered positive?

    <p>Persons with no known risk factors for TB</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the typical management approach for tuberculosis based on the provided information?

    <p>Adherence to a treatment regimen with first-line medications</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which symptom is NOT associated with anaphylaxis?

    <p>Peripheral edema</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the most common cause of exudative pleural effusion?

    <p>Pneumonia</p> Signup and view all the answers

    When should a patient with pleural effusion be referred to the emergency department?

    <p>In case of hypoxia and respiratory compromise</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How does tuberculosis primarily spread?

    <p>Through inhalation of aerosol droplets in the lungs</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which condition is NOT listed as a risk factor for increased risk of tuberculosis reactivation?

    <p>Influenza</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the recommended route for administering epinephrine in case of anaphylaxis?

    <p>Intramuscular injection into the lateral thigh</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the time frame within which food allergy can progress to cardiac or respiratory arrest if epinephrine is not given promptly?

    <p>30 minutes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    'Idiopathic anaphylaxis' refers to a condition where anaphylaxis occurs without:

    <p>Allergic triggers being identified</p> Signup and view all the answers

    'Tuberculosis infection' (TBI) is also known as:

    <p>'Latent TB'</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary diagnostic procedure for evaluating pleural effusion when chest X-ray results are inconclusive?

    <p>Ultrasound (US)</p> Signup and view all the answers

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