Questions and Answers
Who fought each other during the Hundred Years War?
France and England
How long did the Hundred Years War last?
116 years
What was the cause of the Hundred Years War?
A struggle for the right to control France
Who was the Black Prince?
Signup and view all the answers
The Hundred Years War was a constant battle with fierce fighting and no periods of peace.
Signup and view all the answers
Who was Joan of Arc?
Signup and view all the answers
How did Joan of Arc die?
Signup and view all the answers
What English weapon played a major part in their early victories?
Signup and view all the answers
When did the Hundred Years War begin (year)?
Signup and view all the answers
What siege did Joan of Arc help break?
Signup and view all the answers
What were English raids into French land known as?
Signup and view all the answers
The English army suffered greatly from what disease during the Battle of Agincourt?
Signup and view all the answers
Who was the King of England during the battle of Agincourt?
Signup and view all the answers
What was the English longbow made out of?
Signup and view all the answers
What were some famous battles of the Hundred Years War?
Signup and view all the answers
How many Crusades to the Holy Lands did Europeans make?
Signup and view all the answers
Who fought each other in the Crusades?
Signup and view all the answers
Who was the first to call for a Crusade?
Signup and view all the answers
Out of all the Crusades, which one was the only military success?
Signup and view all the answers
The city of Jerusalem is important to what three major religions?
Signup and view all the answers
What did the Seljuk Turks do to instigate the First Crusade?
Signup and view all the answers
Who sought help from the west regarding the invasion of the Seljuk Turks?
Signup and view all the answers
Why did people join in fighting in the Crusades?
Signup and view all the answers
Which Crusade did not retake Jerusalem but did gain the right for Christian pilgrims to visit?
Signup and view all the answers
What was the symbol of the Crusaders?
Signup and view all the answers
Christians were motivated to participate in the Crusades for which reasons?
Signup and view all the answers
What did Pope Urban II promise to Christians who joined the Crusade?
Signup and view all the answers
What were some effects of the Crusades on Europe?
Signup and view all the answers
What happened after the Christian Crusaders massacred the Muslims and Jews in Jerusalem?
Signup and view all the answers
Which was an impact upon Jews as a result of the Crusades?
Signup and view all the answers
Describe the Children's Crusade (1212).
Signup and view all the answers
Study Notes
Hundred Years War
- Fought between France and England.
- Lasted 116 years, from 1337 to 1453.
- Caused by struggle for control of France.
Key Figures
- Edward of Woodstock, known as the Black Prince, led England to victory at the Battle of Crecy.
- Joan of Arc, a French heroine, unified and led France to victory, notably breaking the Siege of Orleans.
- King Henry V was the English monarch during the Battle of Agincourt.
Significant Events and Battles
- English victories were aided by the longbow, made from yew wood.
- Important battles include Crecy (1346), Poitiers (1356), Agincourt (1415), and the Siege of Orleans (1428-1429).
- The English army faced dysentery during the Battle of Agincourt.
- Joan of Arc was executed by burning at the stake by the English.
Crusades
- Series of 9 military campaigns between Europeans (Christians) and Arabs (Muslims).
- Initiated by Pope Urban II calling for the First Crusade in 1096 after Seljuk Turks halted Christian pilgrimages to Jerusalem.
- Only the First Crusade was a military success for the Christians.
Religious and Social Impact
- Jerusalem is a sacred city for Christianity, Islam, and Judaism.
- The Third Crusade led by European kings did not reclaim Jerusalem but secured pilgrimage rights.
- Participation in the Crusades was motivated by desires for land, sin forgiveness, adventure, and escape from feudal obligations.
Effects of the Crusades
- Led to food shortages, advancements in civilization, increased trade, and significant human costs.
- Resulted in the establishment of Crusader kingdoms following the sack of Jerusalem.
- Major impacts on Jewish communities included expulsion, forced segregation into ghettos, and widespread violence.
Children's Crusade (1212)
- Initiated by a young boy claiming to have a vision from Jesus encouraging a new crusade; ultimately led to tragic outcomes.
Studying That Suits You
Use AI to generate personalized quizzes and flashcards to suit your learning preferences.
Description
Test your knowledge on the Hundred Years War with these flashcards. Learn about the key players, causes, and duration of this significant historical conflict between France and England. Ideal for history enthusiasts and students alike.
