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Questions and Answers
What is cellular (cell-mediated) immunity?
What is cellular (cell-mediated) immunity?
- An immunity that solely relies on antibodies.
- Specific defense that T lymphocytes directly attack and destroy diseased or foreign cells. (correct)
- A type of immunity that does not involve T cells.
- Specific defense that B lymphocytes produce antibodies.
With cellular immunity, the immune system does not remember the antigens.
With cellular immunity, the immune system does not remember the antigens.
False (B)
What are the four classes of T cells used in cellular (cell-mediated) immunity?
What are the four classes of T cells used in cellular (cell-mediated) immunity?
Cytotoxic, helper, regulatory, and memory.
What are cytotoxic T cells commonly known as?
What are cytotoxic T cells commonly known as?
Cytotoxic T cells are the 'effectors' of cellular immunity.
Cytotoxic T cells are the 'effectors' of cellular immunity.
What is the role of helper T cells in cellular immunity?
What is the role of helper T cells in cellular immunity?
What do regulatory T cells do after a pathogen is defeated?
What do regulatory T cells do after a pathogen is defeated?
Like Th cells, Tr cells can be called T4, CD4, CD4+.
Like Th cells, Tr cells can be called T4, CD4, CD4+.
What are memory T cells responsible for?
What are memory T cells responsible for?
Which stages occur in both cellular and humoral immunity?
Which stages occur in both cellular and humoral immunity?
What are the three Rs of immunity?
What are the three Rs of immunity?
What is the main difference between cellular immunity and humoral immunity?
What is the main difference between cellular immunity and humoral immunity?
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Study Notes
Cellular Immunity Overview
- Cellular immunity, also known as cell-mediated immunity, involves T lymphocytes attacking diseased or foreign cells directly.
- This immune response retains memory of antigens, providing protection against future infections.
Types of T Cells
- Four classes of T cells are crucial for cellular immunity:
- Cytotoxic T (Tc) cells: Known as killer T cells (also referred to as T8, CD8, or CD8+), these are the main effectors in cellular immune response.
- Helper T (Th) cells: These support the actions of both Tc cells and B cells, enhancing overall immune response.
- Regulatory T (Tr) cells (T-regs): After a pathogen’s defeat, they inhibit the activity of Tc cells to prevent overreaction.
- Memory T (Tm) cells: Derived from Tc cells, they are responsible for antigen-specific memory, allowing for quicker response upon re-exposure to pathogens.
Stages of Immunity
- Both cellular and humoral immunity can be broken down into three stages:
- Recognition: Identifying the presence of antigens.
- Attack: The immune system actively responding to eliminate pathogens.
- Memory: Retaining information about the antigens for faster future responses.
Conceptualizing Immunity
- The "three Rs of immunity" summarize the key stages in both cellular and humoral immunity:
- Recognize
- React
- Remember
Humoral vs. Cellular Immunity
- The primary distinction lies in the type of cells involved:
- Humoral immunity: B cells produce antibodies in response to free antigens in body fluids.
- Cellular immunity: T cells target and attack infected body cells presenting pathogen antigens on their surfaces.
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