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Questions and Answers
What is cellular (cell-mediated) immunity?
What is cellular (cell-mediated) immunity?
With cellular immunity, the immune system does not remember the antigens.
With cellular immunity, the immune system does not remember the antigens.
False
What are the four classes of T cells used in cellular (cell-mediated) immunity?
What are the four classes of T cells used in cellular (cell-mediated) immunity?
Cytotoxic, helper, regulatory, and memory.
What are cytotoxic T cells commonly known as?
What are cytotoxic T cells commonly known as?
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Cytotoxic T cells are the 'effectors' of cellular immunity.
Cytotoxic T cells are the 'effectors' of cellular immunity.
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What is the role of helper T cells in cellular immunity?
What is the role of helper T cells in cellular immunity?
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What do regulatory T cells do after a pathogen is defeated?
What do regulatory T cells do after a pathogen is defeated?
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Like Th cells, Tr cells can be called T4, CD4, CD4+.
Like Th cells, Tr cells can be called T4, CD4, CD4+.
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What are memory T cells responsible for?
What are memory T cells responsible for?
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Which stages occur in both cellular and humoral immunity?
Which stages occur in both cellular and humoral immunity?
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What are the three Rs of immunity?
What are the three Rs of immunity?
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What is the main difference between cellular immunity and humoral immunity?
What is the main difference between cellular immunity and humoral immunity?
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Study Notes
Cellular Immunity Overview
- Cellular immunity, also known as cell-mediated immunity, involves T lymphocytes attacking diseased or foreign cells directly.
- This immune response retains memory of antigens, providing protection against future infections.
Types of T Cells
- Four classes of T cells are crucial for cellular immunity:
- Cytotoxic T (Tc) cells: Known as killer T cells (also referred to as T8, CD8, or CD8+), these are the main effectors in cellular immune response.
- Helper T (Th) cells: These support the actions of both Tc cells and B cells, enhancing overall immune response.
- Regulatory T (Tr) cells (T-regs): After a pathogen’s defeat, they inhibit the activity of Tc cells to prevent overreaction.
- Memory T (Tm) cells: Derived from Tc cells, they are responsible for antigen-specific memory, allowing for quicker response upon re-exposure to pathogens.
Stages of Immunity
- Both cellular and humoral immunity can be broken down into three stages:
- Recognition: Identifying the presence of antigens.
- Attack: The immune system actively responding to eliminate pathogens.
- Memory: Retaining information about the antigens for faster future responses.
Conceptualizing Immunity
- The "three Rs of immunity" summarize the key stages in both cellular and humoral immunity:
- Recognize
- React
- Remember
Humoral vs. Cellular Immunity
- The primary distinction lies in the type of cells involved:
- Humoral immunity: B cells produce antibodies in response to free antigens in body fluids.
- Cellular immunity: T cells target and attack infected body cells presenting pathogen antigens on their surfaces.
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Description
Test your knowledge on humoral and cellular immunity with these flashcards. Learn about T lymphocytes, their roles in disease defense, and how the immune system remembers antigens to protect against future infections. Ideal for biology students looking to deepen their understanding of immune responses.
