Humeral Fractures: Treatment Options
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Questions and Answers

What is the most common cause of femur fractures in nonambulatory infants?

  • Talar shift
  • Non-accidental trauma (correct)
  • Football injury
  • Twisting injury
  • What type of ankle fracture results from a twisting injury and affects the stability of the ankle mortise?

  • Jones type
  • Tarsometatarsal fracture dislocation
  • Unimalleolar
  • Lisfranc Injury (correct)
  • Which fracture type is commonly treated conservatively unless there is intra-articular disruption or it occurs in the avascular watershed area?

  • Transepiphyseal separation of the distal humerus
  • Avulsion fracture of base of 5th metatarsal (correct)
  • Talar shift
  • Bucket handle fracture
  • Which type of fractures are associated with high specificity for non-accidental injuries in children?

    <p>Spinous process fractures (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the most common cause of death in children resulting from deliberate actions against them?

    <p>Non-accidental trauma (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of fracture is often a result of a direct blow onto the knee?

    <p>Distal femur fracture (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In elderly individuals with osteoporosis, which type of fracture is the most common?

    <p>Pubic ramus fracture (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the 30-day mortality rate for neck of femur fractures in the UK?

    <p>6.5% (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the goal in cases of pelvic fractures associated with high-velocity trauma?

    <p>To stabilize the pelvis with external fixator and stop hemorrhage (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of trauma often results in high-velocity pelvic fractures in young people?

    <p>Serious road traffic accident (RTC) (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of fracture is characterized by incomplete breakage of the bone, typically seen in pediatric patients due to the flexibility of their bones?

    <p>Greenstick fracture (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In pediatric patients, what type of fracture results from the bone bending and bulging but not breaking completely?

    <p>Torus fracture (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for a fracture that occurs near or at the end of a long bone, involving the growth plate (physis) in children?

    <p>Growth plate fracture (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of fracture results in the bone breaking into several pieces, often due to high-energy trauma or severe crush injuries?

    <p>Comminuted fracture (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of fracture occurs when the bone is broken at an angle across its long axis, commonly resulting from a twisting injury?

    <p>Spiral fracture (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of fracture suggests a mechanism of injury that involves a twisting force?

    <p>Spiral (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the characteristic of a greenstick fracture?

    <p>It is an incomplete fracture with one side splintered and the other side bent (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In which type of fracture is the bone broken into multiple pieces?

    <p>Comminuted (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the characteristic of a torus fracture?

    <p>It involves buckling of the cortex without disruption of the bone's continuity (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of fracture involves a fragment of bone being pulled away from the bone by a forceful muscle pull or ligamentous avulsion?

    <p>Avulsion (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of fracture is the third most common in patients over 65 years old?

    <p>Proximal humerus fracture (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the less invasive fixation option for proximal humerus fractures?

    <p>Proximal humeral nail (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of fracture is caused by violent muscle contraction?

    <p>Fracture of the humeral shaft (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    When is the proximal humeral locking plate 3.5 used?

    <p>In proximal humerus fractures with proximal comminution (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What determines the treatment for proximal humerus fractures?

    <p>All of the above (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the success rate of union for humeral fractures with closed, nonsurgical treatment?

    <p>98% (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of humeral fracture is most commonly associated with neuropraxia?

    <p>Spiral fractures of the middle 1/3 (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In fractures of the distal humerus, what is essential for stable internal fixation of the articular surface?

    <p>Perfect alignment of the articular surface (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the recommended treatment for most forearm fractures?

    <p>Surgical treatment with ORIF using plates (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What diagnostic tool can help determine the degree of nerve injury and monitor the rate of nerve regeneration in cases of radial nerve injury?

    <p>EMG and nerve conduction studies (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of the AC ligaments?

    <p>Control horizontal displacement (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which ligaments are known as the 'Suspensory ligaments of the upper extremity'?

    <p>Coracoclavicular ligaments (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In clavicle fractures, which group is the least common?

    <p>Group III: Medial third (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the 'Standard of Care' for most clavicle fractures?

    <p>Nonoperative treatment (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which component of the Coracoclavicular ligaments is stronger than AC ligaments?

    <p>Conoid (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of clavicle fractures have a higher incidence of nonunion if significantly displaced?

    <p>Distal third fractures (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In scapula fractures, what injury is more threatening than the broken scapula?

    <p>Lung injury (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the classification for clavicle fractures with approximately 80% occurrence?

    <p>Group I: Middle third (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of treatment is 'Standard of Care' for most clavicle fractures?

    <p>Nonoperative treatment (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

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