Podcast
Questions and Answers
What distinguishes humanistic psychology from the earlier psychodynamic and behaviourist approaches?
What distinguishes humanistic psychology from the earlier psychodynamic and behaviourist approaches?
- Neglect of consciousness
- Focus on human capacity for self-determination (correct)
- Emphasis on unconscious drives
- Application of physical science methods to human behavior
According to humanistic psychology, what are the key psychological forces determining human behavior?
According to humanistic psychology, what are the key psychological forces determining human behavior?
- Physical science methods
- Unconscious drives
- Consciousness
- Intentionality and ethical values (correct)
Why did early humanistic psychologists react against behaviourism and psychoanalysis?
Why did early humanistic psychologists react against behaviourism and psychoanalysis?
- Emphasis on unconscious drives
- Neglect of crucial subjective data and relegation of consciousness (correct)
- Overemphasis on intentionality
- Strong focus on ethical values
How does humanistic psychology view the capacity of individuals?
How does humanistic psychology view the capacity of individuals?
What did humanistic psychologists seek to restore in reaction to behaviourism and psychoanalysis?
What did humanistic psychologists seek to restore in reaction to behaviourism and psychoanalysis?
What is the primary focus of existential therapy?
What is the primary focus of existential therapy?
In humanistic psychology, what is the main purpose of using unconditional positive regard and empathy in client-centred therapy?
In humanistic psychology, what is the main purpose of using unconditional positive regard and empathy in client-centred therapy?
What distinguishes gestalt therapy from other approaches in terms of patient feelings?
What distinguishes gestalt therapy from other approaches in terms of patient feelings?
Which psychologist is credited with introducing person or client-centred therapy?
Which psychologist is credited with introducing person or client-centred therapy?
How does humanistic psychology differ from psychoanalysis in terms of self-focus?
How does humanistic psychology differ from psychoanalysis in terms of self-focus?
What distinguishes humanistic psychology from psychodynamic and behaviourist psychology?
What distinguishes humanistic psychology from psychodynamic and behaviourist psychology?
Why did humanistic psychology emerge as a distinct force in psychology in the late 1950s?
Why did humanistic psychology emerge as a distinct force in psychology in the late 1950s?
In what way does humanistic psychology differ from psychoanalysis regarding the mind's influence?
In what way does humanistic psychology differ from psychoanalysis regarding the mind's influence?
What key qualities do humanistic psychologists strive to enhance in individuals?
What key qualities do humanistic psychologists strive to enhance in individuals?
How does humanistic psychology view the capacity of individuals compared to behaviourism?
How does humanistic psychology view the capacity of individuals compared to behaviourism?
What is the central idea behind person or client-centred therapy introduced by Carl Rogers?
What is the central idea behind person or client-centred therapy introduced by Carl Rogers?
In humanistic psychology, what is the role of unconditional positive regard and empathy in client-centred therapy?
In humanistic psychology, what is the role of unconditional positive regard and empathy in client-centred therapy?
What distinguishes existential therapy from psychoanalysis in terms of focus?
What distinguishes existential therapy from psychoanalysis in terms of focus?
According to gestalt therapy, what is more important when working with patients?
According to gestalt therapy, what is more important when working with patients?
What is the primary focus of humanistic psychology in relation to personal development?
What is the primary focus of humanistic psychology in relation to personal development?
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Study Notes
Distinctions of Humanistic Psychology
- Humanistic psychology differs from psychoanalytic and behaviorist approaches in its focus on individual growth, self-actualization, and subjective experience.
- It emphasizes the individual's inherent worth, dignity, and capacity for self-directed change.
Key Psychological Forces
- Humanistic psychology identifies three key psychological forces determining human behavior: biological, psychological, and social-cultural forces.
Reaction against Behaviorism and Psychoanalysis
- Early humanistic psychologists reacted against behaviorism's focus on external controls and psychoanalysis's emphasis on unconscious motivations.
- They sought to restore a more holistic, person-centered approach that values human dignity and subjective experience.
Capacity of Individuals
- Humanistic psychology views individuals as capable of self-directed change, growth, and self-actualization.
- It focuses on enhancing personal responsibility, autonomy, and self-awareness.
Restoration in Reaction to Behaviorism and Psychoanalysis
- Humanistic psychologists sought to restore a more optimistic view of human nature, emphasizing human dignity, freedom, and responsibility.
Existential Therapy
- The primary focus of existential therapy is the individual's existence, freedom, and responsibility in the present moment.
Unconditional Positive Regard and Empathy
- The main purpose of using unconditional positive regard and empathy in client-centered therapy is to create a non-judgmental, supportive environment that fosters personal growth.
Gestalt Therapy
- What distinguishes gestalt therapy is its focus on the present moment, awareness, and the therapist-patient relationship.
- In gestalt therapy, the therapist focuses on the patient's present feelings and experiences rather than their past or unconscious motivations.
Carl Rogers and Person-Centered Therapy
- Carl Rogers is credited with introducing person-centered therapy, which emphasizes empathy, genuineness, and unconditional positive regard.
- The central idea behind person-centered therapy is that individuals have the capacity for self-directed growth and change when provided with a supportive, non-judgmental environment.
Humanistic Psychology vs. Psychoanalysis
- Humanistic psychology differs from psychoanalysis in its focus on conscious experience, self-awareness, and personal growth, whereas psychoanalysis emphasizes unconscious motivations and past experiences.
- Humanistic psychology also differs from psychoanalysis in its view of human nature, emphasizing human dignity, freedom, and responsibility.
Key Qualities and Personal Development
- Humanistic psychologists strive to enhance key qualities such as self-awareness, autonomy, and personal responsibility in individuals.
- The primary focus of humanistic psychology is on personal development, emphasizing growth, self-actualization, and self-directed change.
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