Humanistic Psychology and Carl Rogers
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Questions and Answers

What is the primary focus of Carl Rogers' theory of humanistic psychology?

  • The influence of unconscious motives
  • The role of societal norms in personality
  • The inherent goodness of people (correct)
  • The negative aspects of human behavior

    • Which of the following concepts is NOT emphasized in Rogers' humanistic psychology?

  • Defense mechanisms (correct)
  • Self-concept
  • Self-actualization
  • Healthy personality development

    • In the context of Rogers' theory, what does 'self-actualization' refer to?

  • Achieving personal goals at all costs
  • Understanding the impact of childhood experiences on adulthood
  • Adopting changing identities based on social circumstances
  • Recognizing and achieving one's true potential (correct)

    • Which of the following best describes a healthy personality according to humanistic psychology?

    <p>A personality characterized by openness and self-awareness</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What central question did Carl Rogers pose regarding personal identity and self-discovery?

    <p>How can I get in touch with my real self?</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is Karen Horney's belief about human potential?

    <p>Humans can develop their potentialities as long as their relationships are healthy.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does Alfred Adler suggest about inferiority feelings?

    <p>Inferiority feelings can motivate individuals toward productivity.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What significance does Freud hold in popular culture?

    <p>Freud has been featured in many popular media, including multiple magazine covers.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which statement best represents Horney's perspective on change?

    <p>People are capable of ongoing change throughout their lives.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How does Adler view the relationship between inferiority and productivity?

    <p>Inferiority feelings can inspire individuals to overcome obstacles.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does unconditional positive regard signify in terms of personal relationships?

    <p>Value and love that is independent of behavior.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following best describes conditional positive regard?

    <p>Value based on merit and specific approvals.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How is the actualizing tendency related to self-concept in Rogers's theory?

    <p>It is an innate drive that enhances self-beliefs.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What role does unconditional positive regard play in personal development?

    <p>It enables individuals to thrive without fear of rejection.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which aspect of Rogers's theory is primarily hindered by conditional positive regard?

    <p>The formation of a genuine self-concept.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the term 'self-concept' encompass in Rogers's theory?

    <p>The total of an individual's beliefs and perceptions about themselves.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which personality factor describes a person who is generally outgoing and sociable?

    <p>Timid</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the opposite of someone described as 'tough-minded' according to Cattell's personality factors?

    <p>Sensitive</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In Cattell's personality factors, which of the following is seen as the opposite of being 'trusting'?

    <p>Skeptical</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which personality factor would best describe an individual who prefers abstract thinking over concrete thinking?

    <p>More intelligent, abstract</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the personality factor identified as 'self-sufficient' oppose?

    <p>Group-dependent</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which factor does Bandura's reciprocal determinism suggest is NOT a part of understanding human personality?

    <p>Emotional responses</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In the context of social cognitive theory, how does Bandura define the capacity for control?

    <p>The belief in one's ability to achieve desired results.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What aspect of personality does observational learning primarily influence according to Bandura's theory?

    <p>Cognitive interpretations of experiences</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which statement best captures the essence of Bandura's view on belief and motivation?

    <p>Belief in one's efficacy is essential for lasting motivation.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is reciprocal determinism primarily concerned with?

    <p>The interaction between personal factors, behavior, and environment.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why is self-efficacy particularly important in Bandura's social cognitive theory?

    <p>It encourages perseverance through challenges.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following best illustrates the concept of observational learning?

    <p>A child mimicking a parent’s behavior after watching them.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a potential consequence of lacking belief in one's efficacy according to Bandura?

    <p>Decreased motivation to overcome difficulties.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary distinction between surface traits and source traits?

    <p>Surface traits are observable, while source traits are fundamental.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which statement about trait theory is true?

    <p>It emphasizes quantitatively measuring individual differences.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How do source traits differ from other personality characteristics?

    <p>They are believed to underlie surface traits.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of surface traits?

    <p>They are stable over time.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of these concepts is critical in understanding trait theory?

    <p>The identification and measurement of trait dimensions.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the term 'traits' refer to within the context of trait theory?

    <p>Enduring tendencies to act in certain ways.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which statement best describes the goal of trait theorists?

    <p>To identify consistent behavioral patterns among individuals.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In trait theory, which aspect of personality is typically considered the most pivotal for assessment?

    <p>The hierarchy of source traits.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What can be inferred about traits in the context of trait theory?

    <p>They can reveal predictions about future behavior.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main challenge confronted by trait theorists when studying personality?

    <p>Accountability for situational changes in behavior.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary method for developing a strong sense of self-efficacy?

    <p>Mastery experiences</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How can social modeling contribute to self-efficacy?

    <p>By demonstrating successful behavior of similar individuals</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are the effects of failures on self-efficacy according to the content?

    <p>They undermine the belief in one's efficacy</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which example illustrates the concept of self-efficacy effectively?

    <p>A father assisting his son in learning to tie shoes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which component of self-efficacy involves convincing individuals of their potential?

    <p>Social persuasion</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What can be a consequence of harboring self-doubts in challenging situations?

    <p>Decreased effort and persistence</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which factor does not contribute to building self-efficacy according to the information provided?

    <p>Social comparison</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What overall feeling does self-efficacy relate to?

    <p>Self-confidence</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What happens when individuals observe others succeed through sustained effort?

    <p>They begin to believe in their own capabilities</p> Signup and view all the answers

    According to the information, which of the following most adversely affects self-efficacy?

    <p>Personal failures and setbacks</p> Signup and view all the answers

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