Humanistic Perspective on Personality

Questions and Answers

Who is the humanistic theorist that created the Hierarchy of Needs?

B.F. Skinner

Abraham Maslow (correct)

Carl Rogers

Sigmund Freud

What is self-actualization?

Living up to one's full potential.

What does the humanistic perspective focus on?

People's strive for self-determination and self-realization.

What are the psychological needs in the first tier of the Hierarchy of Needs?

Food, water, warmth, rest. Signup and view all the answers

What are the safety needs in the second tier of the Hierarchy of Needs?

Security, safety. Signup and view all the answers

What constitutes the third tier of the Hierarchy of Needs?

Belongingness and love needs. Signup and view all the answers

What is required to fulfill the esteem needs in the fourth tier?

Prestige and feeling of accomplishment, self-esteem. Signup and view all the answers

What is represented by the fifth tier in the Hierarchy of Needs?

Self-actualization. Signup and view all the answers

What does self-transcendence refer to?

Above self-actualization. Signup and view all the answers

Who is Carl Rogers?

A humanistic theorist. Signup and view all the answers

According to Carl Rogers, what are the requirements for a growth-promoting environment?

Genuineness, acceptance, empathy. Signup and view all the answers

What does genuineness mean in the context of humanistic theory?

Being open and self-disclosing. Signup and view all the answers

What is unconditional positive regard?

A completely non-judgmental attitude. Signup and view all the answers

What does empathy involve?

Sharing and understanding other people's feelings. Signup and view all the answers

What is self-concept?

The answer to 'who am I?' Signup and view all the answers

What is congruence in terms of personality?

The consistency between one's ideal and actual self. Signup and view all the answers

What areas were influenced by humanistic theories?

Counseling, education, child raising, management. Signup and view all the answers

What are some criticisms of the humanistic theory?

Vague, subjective, may not be scientific, can lead to individualism. Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Humanistic Perspective on Personality

Abraham Maslow: A major figure in humanistic psychology known for developing the Hierarchy of Needs.
Self-actualization: The realization of one's potential, creativity, and personal growth; the highest level in Maslow's Hierarchy.
Humanistic perspective: Emphasizes individual self-determination, self-realization, and the inherent goodness of people; prominent figures include Maslow and Carl Rogers.
First tier - Psychological needs: Basic requirements for survival such as food, water, warmth, and rest.
Second tier - Safety needs: Necessities for security and safety in both personal and environmental contexts.
Third tier - Belongingness and love needs: Importance of social relationships, including intimate connections and friendships.
Fourth tier - Esteem needs: The desire for respect, recognition, accomplishment, and self-esteem.
Fifth tier - Self-actualization: The stage where individuals achieve their fullest potential and engage in creative and fulfilling activities, primarily occurring during adulthood.
Self-transcendence: A proposed progression beyond self-actualization, where individuals seek fulfillment beyond their own interests.
Carl Rogers: A key humanistic theorist advocating for personal growth through free choice and positive human qualities; emphasized the influence of the environment on personality development.
Growth-promoting environment (Rogers): Requires genuineness, acceptance, and empathy to foster personal growth.
Genuineness: Openness and honesty in communication, allowing self-disclosure without hiding true feelings or thoughts.
Acceptance: Unconditional positive regard that allows for spontaneous self-expression without fear of judgment.
Unconditional positive regard: A nonjudgmental, accepting attitude that supports individual growth regardless of circumstances.
Empathy: The ability to understand and share the feelings of others, achieved through active listening.
Self-concept: The personal perception of oneself, answering the question "Who am I?" with thoughts and feelings; a positive self-concept reflects an affirmative worldview.
Congruence: The state of alignment between an individual's ideal self and actual self, crucial for attaining happiness and self-esteem.
Influences of humanistic theories: Significant impact on fields such as counseling, education, parenting, and management; many embrace humanistic principles as pathways to happiness.
Criticisms of humanistic theory: Considered vague and subjective, lacking scientific rigor; risks promoting individualism that can lead to egotism; viewed as overly idealistic, ignoring human potential for negative behavior.

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Description

Explore key concepts of the humanistic perspective in personality psychology through these flashcards. Learn about influential theorists like Abraham Maslow and crucial ideas such as self-actualization and the hierarchy of needs. Enhance your understanding of human potential and self-realization.