Human Urinary and Digestive Systems Quiz

The process of breaking down food into smaller molecules that can be absorbed by the body.

The series of organs and structures through which food travels during digestion.

A group of organs that work together to break down food and absorb nutrients.

The first step of digestion where food is chewed and mixed with saliva

A muscular tube that connects the mouth to the stomach.

A muscular bag where food is churned and mixed with gastric juices.

The process of moving food through the digestive tract by muscular contractions.

Enzymes like salivary amylase that break down food molecules.

A hormone produced by the pituitary gland that helps the kidneys reabsorb water, resulting in more concentrated urine.

Structures that transport urine from the kidneys to the bladder.

The muscular sac that stores urine before it is released from the body.

The tube that carries urine from the bladder to the outside of the body.

The process of releasing urine from the bladder.

Inflammation of the appendix, a small, finger-like projection from the colon.

Accumulation of fluid in the abdominal cavity. It can be caused by various problems like heart disease, liver issues, or lymphatic obstruction.

A condition where the lining of the esophagus changes due to chronic acid reflux. It can increase the risk of esophageal cancer.

Pain caused by gallstones obstructing the bile ducts.

A pigment released during the breakdown of red blood cells, mainly excreted by the liver in bile.

Tooth decay, caused by bacteria eroding the tooth enamel.

Inability to digest gluten, a protein found in wheat, barley, and rye. It causes an immune response leading to intestinal damage.

Inflammation of the gallbladder, often triggered by gallstones.

The presence of stones in the gallbladder, which can cause pain and blockage.

A chronic liver disease where liver tissue is replaced by scar tissue, impairing liver function.

Lack of urine formation.

Excessive loss of body fluids.

A condition caused by inadequate production of antidiuretic hormone, resulting in excessive excretion of dilute urine and extreme thirst.

A congenital condition in which the urethra opens on the dorsal surface of the penis as a groove or cleft.

Presence of glucose in the urine, as in cases of diabetes mellitus.

A congenital union of the lower pole of the kidneys, resulting in a horseshoe-shaped organ.

Distention of the ureter with urine due to obstruction.

A congenital condition in which the urethra opens on the undersurface of the penis or into the vagina.

A sudden onset of thyrotoxicosis symptoms occurring in patients with hyperthyroidism who are untreated or poorly treated. May be brought on by illness or trauma. Also called thyroid crisis.

A condition resulting from overactivity of the thyroid gland. Symptoms include anxiety, irritability, weight loss, and sweating. The main example of thyrotoxicosis is Graves disease.

Bone degeneration caused by excess production of parathyroid hormone. Also called Recklinghausen disease of bone.

Hypofunction of the anterior pituitary (panhypopituitarism), usually because of an infarction; pituitary cachexia

A localized abnormal dilation of a blood vessel that results from weakness of the vessel wall; an aneurysm may eventually burst.

A form of dementia caused by atrophy of the cerebral cortex; presenile dementia

Specifically, loss or defect in speech communication.

A starch-like substance of unknown composition that accumulates in the brain in Alzheimer and other diseases

Compulsive use of obscene words.

Paralysis of all four limbs.

Condition marked by sudden episodes of sleep.

Exaggerated self-importance, often with delusions of grandeur.