Questions and Answers
What does the term hepatomegaly specifically refer to?
What condition is commonly associated with gallstones obstructing bile flow?
What procedure involves the surgical removal of the gallbladder?
Which of the following is a common analysis performed on feces?
Signup and view all the answers
What is the primary function of the urinary system?
Signup and view all the answers
Which statement is true regarding the anatomical structures of the urinary system?
Signup and view all the answers
What term describes the presence of black, tarry stool due to digested blood?
Signup and view all the answers
Which organ is responsible for filtering blood and producing urine?
Signup and view all the answers
What is the primary function of the gallbladder?
Signup and view all the answers
Which term refers to the breaking down of body cells and releasing energy?
Signup and view all the answers
What role does sodium bicarbonate play in digestion?
Signup and view all the answers
What are essential nutrients that the body requires only in small amounts?
Signup and view all the answers
What term describes the process of transporting completely digested nutrients to cells?
Signup and view all the answers
What does the term 'cholecystic' refer to?
Signup and view all the answers
Which condition is characterized by a loss of appetite due to disease?
Signup and view all the answers
Which type of metabolism involves building up body cells and substances?
Signup and view all the answers
What is the medical term for the absence of urine formation by the kidneys?
Signup and view all the answers
Which condition is characterized by the involuntary discharge of urine?
Signup and view all the answers
What does the term nephropathy refer to?
Signup and view all the answers
Which term describes the frequent and excessive urination during the night?
Signup and view all the answers
What condition is characterized by the inability to completely empty the bladder?
Signup and view all the answers
What is defined as a toxic condition resulting from renal failure?
Signup and view all the answers
What is the final stage of chronic kidney disease called?
Signup and view all the answers
Which condition commonly occurs with an enlarged prostate gland?
Signup and view all the answers
What is the main function of the renal pelvis?
Signup and view all the answers
What process is responsible for moving urine down the ureters?
Signup and view all the answers
Which structure serves as a reservoir for urine before it is excreted?
Signup and view all the answers
Which of the following best describes the urethra?
Signup and view all the answers
What could result if waste products are not efficiently removed from the bloodstream?
Signup and view all the answers
What is the function of the folds lining the urinary bladder?
Signup and view all the answers
How do the ureters connect to the urinary bladder?
Signup and view all the answers
Which part of the nephron is primarily involved in filtering blood?
Signup and view all the answers
What condition occurs when fluid loss exceeds fluid intake?
Signup and view all the answers
What is the primary cause of constipation?
Signup and view all the answers
Which condition is characterized by the urge to vomit?
Signup and view all the answers
What does the acronym BMI stand for in relation to health and weight?
Signup and view all the answers
What condition involves the inability to control feces excretion?
Signup and view all the answers
Which medical condition is described as a blockage of the intestine?
Signup and view all the answers
What term describes an excessive accumulation of body fat?
Signup and view all the answers
What causes the yellow discoloration in jaundice?
Signup and view all the answers
Study Notes
The Gallbladder
- Pear-shaped organ beneath the liver, stores and concentrates bile.
- Cholecystic refers to anything pertaining to the gallbladder.
The Pancreas
- Soft, 6-inch gland located behind the stomach, involved in digestion and endocrine functions.
- Produces pancreatic juices, digestive enzymes, and sodium bicarbonate to neutralize stomach acids.
- Pancreatic pertains to the pancreas.
Digestive System Terms
- Digestion: Process of breaking complex foods into usable nutrients.
- Digestive Enzymes: Chemicals that transform food into simpler nutrients.
- Nutrients: Substances from food necessary for body function; primary include carbohydrates, fats, and proteins.
- Vitamins and Minerals: Essential nutrients required in small amounts.
- Metabolism: Processes involving nutrient utilization; consists of anabolism (building up) and catabolism (breaking down).
- Absorption: Transport of digested nutrients to body cells.
- Peptic Ulcers: Sores on digestive mucous membranes.
- Anorexia: Loss of appetite, often disease-related.
- Dehydration: Fluid loss exceeds intake, disrupting electrolyte balance.
- Malnutrition: Lack of proper food/nutrients from shortage, poor habits, or digestive issues.
- Malabsorption: Small intestine's failure to absorb nutrients effectively.
- Obesity: Excessive body fat, typically 20-30% over weight standards; assessed via Body Mass Index (BMI).
- Nausea: Urge to vomit.
- Intestinal Obstruction: Blockage in intestines.
- Bowel Incontinence: Inability to control stool excretion.
- Jaundice: Yellow discoloration due to excess bilirubin.
- Hepatitis: Liver inflammation, commonly viral.
- Constipation: Infrequent bowel movements (<3 per week), causing hard stools.
- Diarrhea: Frequent, watery stools leading to dehydration.
- Irritable Bowel Syndrome (IBS): Condition with cramping, pain, bloating, constipation, diarrhea.
- Hepatomegaly: Abnormal liver enlargement.
- Cholecystitis: Gallbladder inflammation linked to gallstones.
- Enema: Solution placement in rectum for bowel activity.
- Stool Samples: Feces specimens for analysis.
Urinary System
- Comprises two kidneys, two ureters, one bladder, and urethra.
- Adrenal glands atop kidneys, part of the endocrine system.
Functions of the Urinary System
- Maintains homeostasis, a constant internal environment.
- Filtrates flow into renal tubules, where select elements are returned to the bloodstream.
- Waste products form urine, draining into the renal pelvis for ureter transport.
Key Components
- Renal Pelvis: Funnel-shaped kidney area collecting urine from nephrons.
- Ureters: Narrow tubes transporting urine from kidneys to bladder via peristalsis.
- Urinary Bladder: Muscular organ that stores urine, lined with folds for expansion.
- Urethra: Tube extending from bladder to body exterior.
Urinary System Terms
- Urination: Normal urine excretion process.
- Urologist: Doctor specializing in urinary system diseases and disorders.
- Nephropathy: Kidney disease.
- Anuria: Absence of urine formation.
- Diuresis: Increased urine output.
- Dysuria: Painful urination.
- Enuresis: Involuntary urine discharge.
- Nocturia: Frequent nighttime urination.
- Urinary Retention: Incomplete bladder emptying, common with enlarged prostate.
- Incontinence: Loss of control over urine/feces excretion.
- Renal Failure: Loss of kidney function.
- Uremia: Toxic condition due to retained wastes in blood from renal failure.
- Acute Renal Failure (ARF): Sudden onset kidney failure, can be fatal if untreated.
- Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD): Gradual renal function loss over time.
- End-Stage Renal Disease (ESRD): Final CKD stage, fatal without dialysis or transplant.
Studying That Suits You
Use AI to generate personalized quizzes and flashcards to suit your learning preferences.
Description
Explore the roles of the gallbladder and pancreas in human anatomy. This quiz covers the structure, function, and significance of these vital organs in the digestive and endocrine systems. Test your knowledge and deepen your understanding of these essential components of human health.
