Human Respiratory System Quiz

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What is the role of elastic cartilage in the epiglottis of elderly individuals?

It remains unchanged throughout life.
It becomes more elastic with age.
It is reduced in size and replaced by adipose tissue. (correct)
It is replaced by bone tissue.

What type of muscle is present in the vocal cords?

Involuntary muscle
Cardiac muscle
Smooth muscle
Striated skeletal muscle (correct)

What type of epithelium lines the vocal cords?

Simple cuboidal epithelium
Non keratinized stratified squamous epithelium (correct)
Keratinized columnar epithelium
Stratified squamous epithelium

Which of the following best describes the structure that supports the vocal cords?

Elastic ligaments that allow for flexibility (B) Signup and view all the answers

What happens to elastic cartilage in the epiglottis as individuals age?

It diminishes and is often replaced by fat. (A) Signup and view all the answers

Why does foreign body aspiration occur more frequently in the right lung?

The right bronchus is shorter and straighter. (A) Signup and view all the answers

What are secondary and tertiary bronchi categorized as?

Intrapulmonary bronchi (A) Signup and view all the answers

Which statement accurately describes the bronchi?

Secondary bronchi arise from the primary bronchi. (B) Signup and view all the answers

Which factor is least likely to affect foreign body aspiration rates in the lungs?

The presence of allergens (C) Signup and view all the answers

Which lung structure is primarily involved in the bronchial division?

Intrapulmonary bronchi (B) Signup and view all the answers

What type of muscle separates the lamina propria from the submucosa in the intrapulmonary bronchi?

Smooth muscle (C) Signup and view all the answers

Which glands are found in the submucosa of the intrapulmonary bronchi?

Seromucous glands (C) Signup and view all the answers

What type of epithelium lines the intrapulmonary bronchi?

Respiratory epithelium (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary structural support found in each intrapulmonary bronchus?

Skeletal support (A) Signup and view all the answers

Which layer is located between the lamina propria and the bronchial glands in the intrapulmonary bronchi?

Submucosa (A) Signup and view all the answers

What happens to the airway diameter as the bronchi branch?

It decreases (B) Signup and view all the answers

What structural change occurs to the cartilage in the bronchi as they branch?

It decreases in amount (D) Signup and view all the answers

As the bronchi branch, what happens to the number of goblet cells?

It decreases (C) Signup and view all the answers

Which type of tissue increases in amount as the bronchi continue branching?

Smooth muscle (B) Signup and view all the answers

In the branching bronchi, how does the height of epithelial cells change?

It decreases (A) Signup and view all the answers

What structural characteristic distinguishes alveolar sacs from respiratory bronchioles?

More alveoli and cuboidal epithelium (D) Signup and view all the answers

How is an alveolar sac defined?

Two or more alveoli sharing a common opening (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of alveoli in the respiratory system?

Facilitate gas exchange (B) Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following best describes the end structure of the respiratory bronchioles?

They end as blind pouches with alveolar sacs (D) Signup and view all the answers

Which type of epithelium is primarily found on the walls of alveolar sacs?

Cuboidal epithelium (A) Signup and view all the answers

What percentage of the alveolar wall is made up of the cells that bulge into the air space?

3% to 5% (C) Signup and view all the answers

Where do these bulging cells primarily sit in relation to the alveoli?

At the corner of the alveoli (C) Signup and view all the answers

What structure do these cells contain in their cytoplasm?

Lamellar bodies (A) Signup and view all the answers

What feature do these cells have on their apical surfaces?

Microvilli (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of the cells that bulge into the air space?

Surfactant production (A) Signup and view all the answers

Foreign body aspiration

Foreign object inhaled into the lungs.

Right lung aspiration

Foreign objects more commonly lodge in the right lung.