Human Reproductive System: Gametes and Sperm Development
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Questions and Answers

What is the primary function of Sertoli cells in the seminiferous tubules?

  • To regulate the temperature of the testes
  • To control sperm production and create a blood-testes barrier (correct)
  • To produce hormones that stimulate the development of germ cells
  • To facilitate the movement of sperm through the tubules

    • What is the approximate number of chromosomes in a single male gamete?

  • 50
  • 23 (correct)
  • 20
  • 46

    • What is the purpose of the dartos and cremaster muscles in the scrotum?

  • To regulate the production of sperm in the testes
  • To control the temperature of the testes by contracting or relaxing (correct)
  • To produce hormones that stimulate the development of germ cells
  • To facilitate the movement of sperm through the epididymis

    • What is the function of the tunica albuginea in the testes?

    <p>To separate each testis into 300-400 lobules</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the total number of chromosomes in a fertilized zygote?

    <p>46</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary location of sperm production in the testes?

    <p>In the seminiferous tubules</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of the breasts in relation to the reproductive system?

    <p>To provide milk or colostrum through lactation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary mechanism by which hormonal birth control works?

    <p>By supplying a constant amount of estrogen and progesterone</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which cells are capable of developing into either male or female reproductive systems?

    <p>Bipotential cells</p> Signup and view all the answers

    At what age does the hypothalamus begin to produce more hormones, leading to sexual maturity?

    <p>At puberty</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the effect of poor nutrition on puberty in females?

    <p>It leads to an earlier onset of puberty</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the typical age range for the growth spurt in males?

    <p>Into early 20’s</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the process called when the developing sperm cell divides to form spermatids, and then finally sperm?

    <p>Spermatogenesis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of the tightly packed mitochondria in the midpiece of the sperm cell?

    <p>To produce ATP to power the flagellum</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How often does a new cycle of sperm development start?

    <p>Every 16 days</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main function of the epididymis in the male reproductive system?

    <p>To store and mature sperm</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the percentage of semen that is made up of sperm?

    <p>5%</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of the microorganisms present in the vagina?

    <p>To protect the reproductive tract from pathogens</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the estimated duration of an ovarian cycle?

    <p>28 days</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of the prostate in the male reproductive system?

    <p>To add fluid to coagulate the semen</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the hormone responsible for differentiating the male sexual reproductive organs in a fetus?

    <p>Testosterone</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the fate of the 3 smaller cells that result from oocyte division?

    <p>They disintegrate eventually</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for one or both testes failing to descend into the scrotum prior to birth?

    <p>Cryptorchidism</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the source of mitochondrial DNA in the zygote?

    <p>Only the mother</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What triggers the LH surge in the ovarian cycle?

    <p>High levels of estrogen</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the part of the penis that contains the majority of nerve endings?

    <p>Glans penis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of nitric oxide in the penis during erection?

    <p>To relax muscles and allow blood to flow</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of the cilia in the uterine tubes?

    <p>To create a current for the oocyte to travel to the uterus</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the result of contagens moving up into the uterine tubes?

    <p>Pelvic inflammatory disease</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of the corpus luteum?

    <p>To produce progesterone</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the characteristic of the functional layer of the uterus?

    <p>It is thick and shed during menses</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of the proliferative phase of the menstrual cycle?

    <p>To regenerate the endometrium</p> Signup and view all the answers

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