Human Reproductive System and Gamete Development

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How many chromosomes do male and female gametes have together for proper development?

47

23

46 (correct)

49

What is the function of the dartos and cremaster muscles in the scrotum?

To release sperm from the testes

To regulate the temperature of the testes (correct)

To produce sperm

To separate the testes into lobules

What is the purpose of the blood-testes barrier created by Sertoli cells?

To keep blood borne substances away from the germ cells (correct)

To release sperm from the testes

To control the development of sperm

To regulate the temperature of the testes

How many lobules are there in each testis?

300-400 Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of Sertoli cells in the seminiferous tubules?

To control the development of sperm Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of the seminiferous tubules?

To develop sperm Signup and view all the answers

What is the process called that develops a sperm cell from the least mature stage to the final stage?

Spermatogenesis Signup and view all the answers

Where is the end product of sperm formed during spermatogenesis?

Near the lumen Signup and view all the answers

How many chromosomes do spermatogonia cells have?

46 Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for one or both testes failing to descend into the scrotum prior to birth?

Cryptorchidism Signup and view all the answers

What is the percentage of semen that is made up of sperm?

5% Signup and view all the answers

What is responsible for powering the flagellum to move the sperm cell?

Mitochondria Signup and view all the answers

Where do sperm cells continue to mature after they are formed?

Epididymis Signup and view all the answers

What is the hormone that is released to differentiate the male sexual reproductive organs as a fetus?

Testosterone Signup and view all the answers

What is the negative feedback loop that regulates testosterone production?

Testosterone inhibits GRH Signup and view all the answers

What is the name of the membrane that covers the vaginal canal and always lets fluid flow out?

Hymen Signup and view all the answers

What happens to the corpus luteum if pregnancy does not occur within 10-12 days?

It degrades and progesterone levels decrease Signup and view all the answers

What is the relationship between breast size and milk production?

Breast size does not affect milk production Signup and view all the answers

How does hormonal birth control work to prevent pregnancy?

By supplying a constant amount of estrogen and progesterone Signup and view all the answers

What is the fundamental sex in humans?

Female Signup and view all the answers

What triggers the onset of puberty in humans?

The increase in hypothalamic production of hormones Signup and view all the answers

What is a common effect of poor nutrition on puberty in females?

Accelerated puberty Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of the vagina?

To act as the entrance to the reproductive tract and the exit during natural childbirth Signup and view all the answers

What is the typical duration of an ovarian cycle?

28 days Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for the death of follicles during folliculogenesis?

Atresia Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of the corpus luteum?

To produce progesterone Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for the release of an oocyte from the ovary?

Ovulation Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of the cilia in the uterine tubes?

To push the oocyte along the tube Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for the layer of the uterus that is shed during menstruation?

Functional layer Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary hormone responsible for the growth and development of follicles?

FSH Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for the fertilized egg that has not yet implanted in the uterus?

Zygote Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of the high levels of glucose in the uterine fluid?

To support the growth of the embryo Signup and view all the answers