Human Reproductive Biology

How many chromosomes do male and female gametes combine to have for proper development?

92
23
50
46 (correct)

What is the purpose of the dartos and cremaster muscles in the scrotum?

To regulate the temperature of the testes (correct)
To produce sperm
To separate the testes into lobules
To release sperm into the duct system

What is the function of Sertoli cells in the seminiferous tubules?

To control sperm production and germ cell survival (correct)
To release sperm into the duct system
To produce the tunica albuginea
To separate the testes into lobules

How many lobules are in each testis?

300-400 (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is the main function of the testes?

To produce sperm (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of the blood-testes barrier?

To keep blood-borne substances away from the germ cells (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of the natural microorganisms in the vagina?

They protect from pathogens (D) Signup and view all the answers

How long does the ovarian cycle typically last?

28 days (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for the decline in number of oocytes from 2 million at birth to 400,000 at puberty?

No specific term (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of the cytoplasm in the ovum?

To provide nutrients between fertilization and implantation (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of the breasts in relation to reproduction?

To produce milk or colostrum through lactation (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is the outcome of the death of multiple follicles during folliculogenesis?

Atresia (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of estrogen and progesterone in hormonal birth control?

To regulate the menstrual cycle and prevent pregnancy (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is the typical age range for puberty in females?

Age 9-11 (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of the uterine tubes or fallopian tubes?

To transport the oocyte from the ovary to the uterus (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is the phase of the menstrual cycle when the lining is shed?

Menses phase (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of the corpus luteum in the reproductive cycle?

To maintain pregnancy (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of the Y chromosome in sexual differentiation?

It triggers a cascade of factors to differentiate into the male reproductive system (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is the hormone responsible for stimulating follicle growth?

FSH (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is the effect of poor nutrition on puberty?

It leads to an earlier onset of puberty, especially in females (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of the cilia in the uterine tubes?

To create a current for the oocyte to travel to the uterus (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for the structure formed from the collapsed follicle after ovulation?

Corpus luteum (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is the process called by which sperm cells develop from germ cells?

Spermatogenesis (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for one or both testes failing to descend into the scrotum prior to birth?

Cryptorchidism (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is the main function of the mitochondria in the mid-piece of the sperm cell?

To power the flagellum (C) Signup and view all the answers

How many sperm cells are produced from one spermatogonia cell?

4 (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of the epididymis in the male reproductive system?

To store mature sperm cells (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of the prostate gland in the male reproductive system?

To add fluid to the semen (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of the bulbourethral glands in the male reproductive system?

To release a fluid to lubricate and clean the urethra (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is the hormone that regulates testosterone production in the male reproductive system?

Gonadotropin releasing hormone (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of testosterone in the male reproductive system?

To maintain sex drive and produce sperm (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is the structure that protects the urethra and female reproductive system in the female reproductive system?

Labia minora (A) Signup and view all the answers