Human Reproduction and Gametes

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What is the primary function of Sertoli cells in the seminiferous tubules?

To facilitate the development of sperm by creating a barrier to blood-borne substances (correct)

To provide structural support to the seminiferous tubules

To contract and relax to regulate the temperature of the testes

To produce androgen hormones that regulate sperm development

What is the purpose of the dartos and cremaster muscles in the male reproductive system?

To control the temperature of the testes in response to changing environmental conditions (correct)

To facilitate the release of sperm from the testes

To produce testosterone hormones that regulate sperm development

To regulate the pH of the testes

What is the number of chromosomes found in a male gamete, or sperm cell?

50

46

23 (correct)

47

What tissue layer covers the testes and separates each one into 300-400 lobules?

Tunica albuginea Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for the process by which Sertoli cells control the survival of germ cells?

Germ cell selection Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of the blood-testes barrier created by Sertoli cells?

To prevent autoimmune responses by isolating developing germ cells Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of the natural microorganisms present in the vagina?

To protect from pathogens Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for one or both testes failing to descend into the scrotum prior to birth?

Cryptorchidism Signup and view all the answers

What is the approximate duration of an ovarian cycle?

28 days Signup and view all the answers

What is the percentage of semen that is made up of sperm?

5% Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for the release of an oocyte from the ovary?

Ovulation Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of the tunica albuginea in the ovaries?

To support the ovaries Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of the bulbourethral glands?

To release fluid to lubricate and clean away urine residue Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for the death of multiple follicles in the ovaries?

Atresia Signup and view all the answers

What is the process by which the penis becomes erect?

Vasocongestion Signup and view all the answers

What is the hormone that regulates testosterone production?

Gonadotropin releasing hormone (GRH) Signup and view all the answers

What is the hormone responsible for stimulating the growth of follicles in the ovaries?

FSH Signup and view all the answers

What is the structure that forms from the collapsed follicle after ovulation?

Corpus luteum Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of the mitochondria in the midpiece of the sperm?

To power the flagellum Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of the uterine tubes?

To facilitate the passage of the oocyte to the uterus Signup and view all the answers

What is the process by which the sperm matures after formation?

Epididymal maturation Signup and view all the answers

What is the part of the penis that is highly innervated and sensitive?

Glans penis Signup and view all the answers

What is the phase of the menstrual cycle characterized by the shedding of the uterine lining?

Menses phase Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary source of energy for the zygote during its early development?

Glucose Signup and view all the answers

What is the fluid produced by the seminal vesicles?

High in fructose Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for the removal of the foreskin through surgery?

Circumcision Signup and view all the answers

What happens to the endometrium if there is no pregnancy within 10-12 days?

It will be shed Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of the breasts in the reproductive system?

They provide milk or colostrum through lactation Signup and view all the answers

How does hormonal birth control work?

By supplying a constant amount of estrogen and progesterone Signup and view all the answers

What determines the development of the male reproductive system?

A cascade of factors starting with the Y chromosome Signup and view all the answers

At what age does the hypothalamus start to produce more hormones, marking the beginning of puberty?

Around puberty Signup and view all the answers

What is the effect of poor nutrition on puberty?

It leads to early puberty, especially in females Signup and view all the answers