Human Reproduction: Abortion and Assisted Reproduction

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Questions and Answers

What are reproductive rights?

Reproductive rights are essential for women to enjoy their human rights, centered on making choices about the number of children they have and access to healthcare services such as contraception and abortion.

What is abortion?

Abortion is the expulsion of a fetus from the uterus before it has reached the stage of viability, usually about the 20th week of gestation.

What is a spontaneous abortion?

A spontaneous abortion, also known as miscarriage, is the death and expulsion of an embryo or fetus before it can survive independently.

Which of the following are symptoms of a miscarriage? (Select all that apply)

Sadness Signup and view all the answers

What are some risk factors for miscarriage?

Risk factors for miscarriage include being an older parent, previous miscarriage, exposure to tobacco smoke, obesity, diabetes, thyroid problems, and drug or alcohol use. Signup and view all the answers

What is a therapeutic abortion?

A therapeutic abortion is the interruption of a pregnancy before the 20th week due to potential danger to the mother's life or health. Signup and view all the answers

What defines an elective abortion?

An elective abortion, or voluntary abortion, is the interruption of pregnancy before viability at the request of the woman for reasons other than medical ones. Signup and view all the answers

What are reproductive rights?

Reproductive rights are essential for women to enjoy their human rights, centered on their ability to make choices about the number and spacing of children, including prenatal services, safe childbirth, access to contraception, and legal access to abortion. Signup and view all the answers

What is abortion?

Abortion is the expulsion of a fetus from the uterus before it has reached the stage of viability, usually about the 20th week of gestation. Signup and view all the answers

A spontaneous abortion is also referred to as a miscarriage.

True Signup and view all the answers

What is a common symptom of a miscarriage?

Vaginal bleeding Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following can be risk factors for miscarriage? (Select all that apply)

Tobacco smoke exposure Signup and view all the answers

What is therapeutic abortion?

Therapeutic abortion is the interruption of a pregnancy before the 20th week of gestation because it endangers the mother's life or health. Signup and view all the answers

What defines elective (induced) abortion?

Elective abortion is the interruption of pregnancy before viability at the request of the woman, not for medical reasons. Signup and view all the answers

It is estimated that at least 20% of all pregnancies end in miscarriage.

True Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Reproductive Rights

Reproductive rights are fundamental for women’s human rights, enabling choices regarding childbearing and family planning.
These rights encompass access to prenatal services, safe childbirth, contraception, and legal abortion.

Definition of Abortion

Abortion is defined as the expulsion of a fetus from the uterus prior to the viability stage (around the 20th week of gestation).
Types of abortion:
- Spontaneous Abortion (Miscarriage): Unintentional expulsion of an embryo or fetus before it can survive independently, often occurring within the first two weeks after conception.
- Induced Abortion: Purposefully terminated pregnancy before viability.

Spontaneous Abortion (Miscarriage)

Miscarriage refers to pregnancy loss before the 20th week of gestation and is characterized by vaginal bleeding.
Common emotional responses to miscarriage include sadness, anxiety, and guilt.
Risk factors for miscarriage include:
- Older parental age
- History of previous miscarriages
- Exposure to tobacco smoke
- Certain medical conditions (obesity, diabetes, thyroid issues)
- Substance abuse (drugs or alcohol)
Estimated that 20% of all pregnancies result in miscarriage, often without maternal awareness.

Causes of Spontaneous Abortion

Various factors can cause miscarriages, including:
- Disease
- Trauma
- Genetic defects
- Biochemical incompatibility between mother and fetus
Many miscarriages are linked to chromosomal abnormalities or issues within the maternal reproductive tract.

Therapeutic Abortion

Therapeutic abortion: Termination of pregnancy due to risks to the mother's life or health, or likelihood of fetal abnormalities.
Reasons for therapeutic abortion can include:
- High risk of maternal death during pregnancy or childbirth.
- Serious medical complications arising from the pregnancy.
- Anticipated fetal death or complications shortly after birth.

Elective (Induced) Abortion

Elective or voluntary abortion involves voluntarily choosing to terminate a pregnancy before viability for non-medical reasons.
Elective abortions represent a significant portion of abortions performed and are one of the most common medical procedures.

Reproductive Rights

Reproductive rights are fundamental for women’s human rights, enabling choices regarding childbearing and family planning.
These rights encompass access to prenatal services, safe childbirth, contraception, and legal abortion.

Definition of Abortion

Abortion is defined as the expulsion of a fetus from the uterus prior to the viability stage (around the 20th week of gestation).
Types of abortion:
- Spontaneous Abortion (Miscarriage): Unintentional expulsion of an embryo or fetus before it can survive independently, often occurring within the first two weeks after conception.
- Induced Abortion: Purposefully terminated pregnancy before viability.

Spontaneous Abortion (Miscarriage)

Miscarriage refers to pregnancy loss before the 20th week of gestation and is characterized by vaginal bleeding.
Common emotional responses to miscarriage include sadness, anxiety, and guilt.
Risk factors for miscarriage include:
- Older parental age
- History of previous miscarriages
- Exposure to tobacco smoke
- Certain medical conditions (obesity, diabetes, thyroid issues)
- Substance abuse (drugs or alcohol)
Estimated that 20% of all pregnancies result in miscarriage, often without maternal awareness.

Causes of Spontaneous Abortion

Various factors can cause miscarriages, including:
- Disease
- Trauma
- Genetic defects
- Biochemical incompatibility between mother and fetus
Many miscarriages are linked to chromosomal abnormalities or issues within the maternal reproductive tract.

Therapeutic Abortion

Therapeutic abortion: Termination of pregnancy due to risks to the mother's life or health, or likelihood of fetal abnormalities.
Reasons for therapeutic abortion can include:
- High risk of maternal death during pregnancy or childbirth.
- Serious medical complications arising from the pregnancy.
- Anticipated fetal death or complications shortly after birth.

Elective (Induced) Abortion

Elective or voluntary abortion involves voluntarily choosing to terminate a pregnancy before viability for non-medical reasons.
Elective abortions represent a significant portion of abortions performed and are one of the most common medical procedures.

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Description

This quiz focuses on Lesson 5 of the Human Reproduction course, addressing the complex topics of abortion and assisted reproduction. It aims to evaluate understanding and perspectives regarding these critical issues in human reproduction.