34 Questions
What is the main role of the somatic nervous system?
Stimulating skeletal muscle cells
What effect does the axon terminal of a motor neuron have at the neuromuscular junction?
Release of ACh with stimulatory effect
Which virus destroys motor neurons?
Poliovirus
How many taste buds are present in the mechanism of taste (gustation)?
10,000
Which neurotransmitter is involved in the sensation of taste?
All of the above
What is the main function of chemoreceptors in influencing the flow of digestive juices and appetite?
Quality control mechanism
Which cells are responsible for generating new cells in the olfactory system every 1-2 months?
Basal stem cells
What is the primary olfactory cortex also known as?
Limbic system
In the process of accommodation, what regulates the shape of the lens?
Ciliary muscle
What is the key factor in pitch discrimination for hearing?
Fluid movement in the cochlea
Which receptors are responsible for chemical sensations related to smell or olfaction?
Chemoreceptors
What does the activation of hair cells in the utricle and saccule contribute to?
Body balance
How do we differentiate 10,000 different odors when there are only about 380 olfactory receptor proteins?
Binding affinity with different patterns
"Autonomic nervous system" regulates the accommodation process for which sense?
$20 to $20,000 cycles/second hearing
"Middle ear and cochlea" are primarily associated with which sense?
$20 to $20,000 cycles/second hearing
What are the three basic components of the circulatory system?
The Heart, Blood Vessels, and Blood
What is the function of pressure-operated valves in the heart?
To control the flow of blood in one direction
Which cells are responsible for the pace maker activity in the heart?
Autorhythmic cells
What is the main role of HCN channels in the heart's electrical activity?
Hyperpolarization-activated cyclic nucleotide–gated channels
Which part of the heart is primarily made up of muscle fibers?
Myocardium
What is the function of the systemic loop in the circulatory system?
To deliver oxygenated blood from the heart to the rest of the body
Which part of the heart contains autorhythmic cells?
SA node
What is the primary function of the blood vessels in the circulatory system?
To transport nutrients and oxygen to tissues and organs
What occurs during atrial excitation in the heart?
Simultaneous contraction of atria
What is the main purpose of internodal pathways in the heart?
To transfer electrical impulses from atria to ventricles
What is the primary function of the HCN channels in the heart's electrical activity?
Initiating the pacemaker potential in autorhythmic cells
What is the primary role of the pressure-operated valves in the heart?
Maintaining unidirectional flow of blood within the heart
What is the main role of the internodal pathway in the heart's electrical conduction system?
Delaying the transmission of action potential from atria to ventricles
Which component of the circulatory system contains autorhythmic cells with pace maker activity?
The Heart - Pumping Organ
What is the primary function of the myocardium in the heart?
Making up a major part of the heart and contracting to pump blood
What is the main purpose of the systemic loop in the circulatory system?
Transporting oxygen-poor blood from the body to the lungs
What is the role of gap junctions in the electrical activity of the heart?
Allowing conduction between atria and ventricles
What is the function of autorhythmic cells in the heart?
Initiating pace maker activity with no resting potential
In what direction does blood flow through the heart?
Unidirectional both in systole and diastole
Test your knowledge on the somatic nervous system and motor neurons in human physiology. This quiz covers topics such as the function of motor neurons, their cell bodies in the spinal cord, the neuromuscular junction, and the effects of poliovirus on motor neurons.
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