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Human Organ Systems and Biodesign
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Human Organ Systems and Biodesign

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@DiplomaticMistletoe

Questions and Answers

What is the primary function of the nervous system in the human body?

  • To facilitate the transmission of electrical signals (correct)
  • To circulate blood throughout the body
  • To support the structure of the body
  • To regulate body temperature

    • What is the term for the use of living organisms in design?

  • Bio-design (correct)
  • Biological engineering
  • Biomechanical design
  • Bio-inspired design

    • Which of the following is NOT one of the 11 organ systems in the human body?

  • Integumentary system
  • Respiratory system
  • Immune system (correct)
  • Circulatory system

    • What is the term for the use of electrical signals to transmit information in the brain?

    <p>Electrical signaling</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of the eye in the human body?

    <p>To detect and interpret light</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for the correction of refractive errors in the eye?

    <p>Optical correction</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is an example of a biomedical application of sensor technology?

    <p>EEG monitoring</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for the implantation of devices that can transmit electrical signals to the brain?

    <p>Neurotransmitter implants</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary advantage of glass lenses?

    <p>Optical clarity</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of a bionic eye?

    <p>To transduce light into impulses for the brain</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of the right side of the heart?

    <p>To receive blood from the body</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the average number of beats per minute for a healthy heart?

    <p>70-80 beats per minute</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of the sinus node in the heart?

    <p>To generate an electrical stimulus</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the benefit of maintaining a healthy heart?

    <p>It can improve its efficiency</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the estimated number of times the heart beats in a lifetime of 80 years?

    <p>2.5 billion times</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of the left side of the heart?

    <p>To pump blood to the body</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of a pacemaker?

    <p>To prevent the heart from beating too slowly</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of leads in a pacemaker?

    <p>To deliver electrical pulses to adjust the heart rate</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the difference between a single-chamber pacemaker and a dual-chamber pacemaker?

    <p>A single-chamber pacemaker carries electrical impulses to the right ventricle, while a dual-chamber pacemaker carries electrical impulses to both the right and left ventricles</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of a defibrillator?

    <p>To prevent or correct an arrhythmia</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of defibrillator is used to save the lives of people experiencing cardiac arrest?

    <p>AED</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of the pulse generator in a pacemaker?

    <p>To house the battery and electrical circuitry</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the advantage of leadless pacemakers?

    <p>They are implanted directly into the heart muscle</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of implanting a pacemaker in the chest?

    <p>To regulate the heartbeat and prevent it from beating too slowly</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Human Organ Systems

    • The human body is a biological machine made up of various organ systems.
    • There are 11 organ systems: skeletal, muscular, cardiovascular, respiratory, nervous, digestive, urinary, endocrine, lymphatic, reproductive, and integumentary systems.

    Biodesign

    • Biodesign is the use of living organisms in design.
    • It involves incorporating biological principles and materials into design.
    • Biodesign is an emerging approach that draws on biological tenets and incorporates living materials into structures, objects, and tools.

    Brain as a CPU System

    • The brain uses electrical signals to send messages, similar to a CPU.
    • The brain uses chemicals to transmit information, whereas a computer uses electricity.
    • EEG (electroencephalogram) is a technique used to measure electrical activity in the brain.
    • Robotic arms are used in prosthetics to mimic the movement of the human brain.

    Eye as a Camera System

    • The eye is composed of rod and cone cells, which are responsible for transmitting light signals to the brain.
    • Optical corrections, such as glasses, contacts, and surgery, can improve vision.
    • Cataract is a condition that affects the lens of the eye, leading to cloudiness and vision loss.
    • Bionic eye is an electrical prosthesis that can be implanted into the eye to restore vision in people with severe retinal damage.

    Heart as a Pump System

    • The heart is a pump that circulates blood throughout the body.
    • The right side of the heart receives blood from the body and pumps it to the lungs, while the left side receives blood from the lungs and pumps it to the body.
    • The heart beats around 70-80 times per minute and is capable of pumping blood up to 30 feet in distance.
    • The heart can beat over 2.5 billion times in a lifespan of 80 years.

    Electrical Signaling

    • The sinus node generates an electrical stimulus regularly, around 60-100 times per minute.
    • The atria are activated by the electrical stimulus, which causes the heart to beat.
    • ECG (electrocardiogram) is a technique used to monitor electrical activity in the heart.
    • Pacemakers are small devices that can be implanted into the chest to control the heartbeat.
    • Pacemakers have two parts: a pulse generator and leads (electrodes).
    • Defibrillators are devices that send an electric pulse or shock to the heart to restore a normal heartbeat.
    • There are three types of defibrillators: AEDs (automated external defibrillators), ICDs (implantable cardioverter-defibrillators), and WCDs (wearable cardioverter-defibrillators).

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    Description

    Understand the 11 human organ systems and the concept of biodesign, which combines biological principles and materials into design.

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