Human Heart Function and Anatomy
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Questions and Answers

Where is the heart located in the body?

  • At the base of the skull
  • In the abdominal cavity
  • Near the kidneys
  • Between the lungs in the mediastinum (correct)

What separates the heart from other structures?

  • Endocardium
  • Epicardium
  • Myocardium
  • Pericardium (correct)

Which part of the heart is superior and medial to the apex?

  • Base (correct)
  • Pericardium
  • Endocardium
  • Epicardium

What type of athletes may have noticeably larger hearts?

<p>Aerobic athletes (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which vessels always carry blood away from the heart?

<p>Arteries (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which layer surrounds the heart and is also the innermost layer of pericardium?

<p>Epicardium (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the formula for cardiac output?

<p>CO = SV * HR (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which factor can amplify heart murmurs?

<p>Deep breathing (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the normal stroke volume for a 150 lbs. individual?

<p>$70$ ml (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the target heart rate for aerobic exercise?

<p>120 - 160 BPM (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How do epinephrine and norepinephrine contribute to heart function?

<p>Increase contractility (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary role of the medulla oblongata in heart rate regulation?

<p>Control HR through the vagus nerve (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which valves are responsible for preventing backflow from arteries back into ventricles?

<p>Semilunar valves (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Where is the SA node located in the heart?

<p>In the right atrium (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What causes the action potential (electrical current) in cardiac muscle?

<p>Na, Ca, and K (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which component of the heart is responsible for holding muscle cells together?

<p>Intercalated disc (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

During which phase does the ventricles contract and blood tries to go back into the atria?

<p>Isovolumic ventricular relaxation (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of papillary muscles in the ventricles?

<p>To pull the chordae tendineae (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What occurs during the T wave on an EKG?

<p>Ventricular repolarization (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of an electrocardiogram (EKG) in diagnosing cardiac problems?

<p>To diagnose electrical activity of the heart (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What do you hear during auscultation of the heart's sounds with a stethoscope?

<p>All heart sounds including S1, S2, and S3 (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

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