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Human Factors in Aviation
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Human Factors in Aviation

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Questions and Answers

What type of errors are characterized by actions or inactions leading to deviations from intentions or expectations?

  • Spontaneous errors
  • Organizational errors
  • Performance errors
  • Latent errors (correct)

    • Which of the following is a common example of a manual handling error in aircraft operations?

  • Incorrect navigation route
  • Inaccurate fuel calculations
  • Improperly adjusted flaps (correct)
  • Failure to communicate with air traffic control

    • What can categorize a procedural error in aviation?

  • Miscommunication during ground handling
  • Deviating from established checklists (correct)
  • Mistaking one call-sign for another
  • Following incorrect weather reports

    • Which factor could potentially contribute to ground handling errors?

    <p>Confusing or faded signage</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In which scenario would an error chain likely occur?

    <p>During unexpected terrain changes with poor documentation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the definition of stress?

    <p>A physical, chemical, or emotional factor that causes physical or mental tension</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT a strategy for managing stress before it affects your work?

    <p>Ignore the stress until it resolves itself</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the Dirty Dozen indicate regarding human performance?

    <p>It identifies 12 human factors that degrade performance</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is one of the main components of Threat and Error Management (TEM)?

    <p>Undesired aircraft states (UAS)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of threat includes equipment changes and operational pressure?

    <p>Organizational threats</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is considered a negative norm in the context of behavior?

    <p>Ignoring established protocols at work</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In Threat and Error Management, what does the term 'threats' refer to?

    <p>Delays caused by weather conditions</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of these is a factor that does NOT belong to the Dirty Dozen?

    <p>Technical expertise</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was a primary focus of Frank and Lillian Gilbreth in their work regarding human factors?

    <p>Reduce human error in medicine</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which development in the aviation industry was influenced by the research of Fitts and Jones?

    <p>The effectiveness of aircraft controls</p> Signup and view all the answers

    During which conflict did significant research on human factors in aeronautics occur?

    <p>World War II</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was the focus of the 1951 Fitts Report?

    <p>Human factors issues in aviation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What technological advancement was associated with the Boeing 727, 737, and 747 in the 1960s-1970s?

    <p>Introduction of flight management computers</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What issue related to automation in aviation was highlighted during the 1980s?

    <p>Dependence on automation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following was NOT mentioned as a primary research area in human factors?

    <p>Human motivation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How did the increase in automation during the 1980s affect pilot experience?

    <p>Experience could interfere</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a common trait of human error, as noted in the context of human factors?

    <p>Tendency to be extraordinarily creative</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was a significant concern about human factors that emerged alongside new technologies in aviation?

    <p>Lack of standardization</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is one example of a communication error that can lead to accidents?

    <p>Ambiguous or misleading communication</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which trait is NOT typically associated with a competent pilot?

    <p>Indifference to teamwork</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is one of the training methods identified for pilots?

    <p>Line Oriented Flying Training (LOFT)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a major cause of aircraft accidents categorized by the human factor?

    <p>Organizational action or inaction</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which training approach is highlighted as participational?

    <p>Crew Resource Management (CRM)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How does the aviation fatality rate compare to other modes of transportation?

    <p>It is significantly lower than by car.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What should training courses for pilots aim to be?

    <p>Clear and concise</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which statistic about the risk of traveling by plane is true?

    <p>More likely to die by lightning than by plane travel.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following traits contributes to a pilot's competency in risk assessment?

    <p>Possessing an eye for detail</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a critical aspect of shared authority in a cockpit?

    <p>Clarity about who is responsible for specific actions</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a primary goal of planning countermeasures in the context of weight and balance configuration?

    <p>To ensure shared understanding about plans</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following best describes the importance of workload assignment in normal and non-normal situations?

    <p>To communicate and acknowledge clear roles</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How should crew members manage automation during flight operations?

    <p>By properly briefing and managing automation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the rule regarding crew members asking questions during operations?

    <p>Crew members need to express their lack of knowledge</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What action should crew members take when verifications are needed during operations?

    <p>Actively monitor and cross-check crew actions</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a key aspect of effectiveness in contingency management?

    <p>Anticipating threats and using available resources</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In the context of review countermeasures, what should be done with existing plans?

    <p>They should be openly analyzed and modified when necessary</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does assertiveness among crew members enable during flight operations?

    <p>Encouraging prompt reporting of critical information</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why is it important for operational tasks to be prioritized?

    <p>To prevent work overload and task fixation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What contributes to a positive outcome in emergency situations during flight operations?

    <p>Utilizing effective situational recovery techniques</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Human Factors

    • Human factor is a multidisciplinary field that considers how humans interact with systems.
    • Began in the early 20th century, focused on reducing human error, particularly in aviation and medicine.
    • The field has evolved incorporating psychology, engineering, industrial design, and other disciplines.
    • The Fitts Report (1951) on human factors in aviation highlighted the importance of this field.
    • The Human Factors Society (1957) emerged in the U.S.

    Human Factors in Aviation

    • World War I and World War II saw significant contributions to this field with the development of aeronautical laboratories.
    • The Cold War led to more research in military laboratories and universities.
    • Aviation accidents often arise from human factors, including lack of standardization, fatigue, and automation dependence.
    • The Dirty Dozen (12 human factors) identified common contributors to human error in aviation.
    • Aviation accidents frequently involve combinations of individual and organizational factors.
    • Aviation accidents have been categorized by individuals or group actions, including communication errors, imbalances in authority, and structural issues with shared authority.

    The Competent Pilot

    • Competent pilots possess several key traits: responsibility, ability, motivation, communication skills, flexibility, physical fitness, reliability, balanced personality, teamwork, calmness under stress, attention to detail, risk assessment skills, and stress and crew management skills.
    • Training for pilots should be relevant, regular, clear, concise, time-efficient, participatory, and include readings and revision materials.
    • Pilots need to engage in self-training.

    Transportation Safety Performance

    • The EU's transportation safety performance shows that flying is statistically safer compared to rail and road travel.
    • Aviation has a fatal accident rate of approximately 1 per 1.2 million flights.

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    Related Documents

    1. Basic concepts.pdf

    Description

    Explore the critical role of human factors in aviation through this quiz. Understand how this multidisciplinary field evolved, especially during WWI and WWII, and examine key contributions like the Dirty Dozen human error contributors. Test your knowledge on the importance of reducing human errors in aviation systems and practices.

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