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Questions and Answers
What was primarily focused on in the early days of powered flight?
What was primarily focused on in the early days of powered flight?
Which significant accident highlighted the need for addressing human factors in aviation maintenance?
Which significant accident highlighted the need for addressing human factors in aviation maintenance?
What best defines the concept of 'Human Factors' in aviation?
What best defines the concept of 'Human Factors' in aviation?
Why is understanding human factors essential for licensed aircraft engineers?
Why is understanding human factors essential for licensed aircraft engineers?
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What was one early support measure provided to pilots as aircraft technology advanced?
What was one early support measure provided to pilots as aircraft technology advanced?
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How has the understanding of human factors evolved in aviation?
How has the understanding of human factors evolved in aviation?
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What is a common misconception about human factors in aviation?
What is a common misconception about human factors in aviation?
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Which factor has contributed to the recognition of human factors in aviation?
Which factor has contributed to the recognition of human factors in aviation?
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What causes long sight, also known as hypermetropia?
What causes long sight, also known as hypermetropia?
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Which type of lens is used to correct short sightedness?
Which type of lens is used to correct short sightedness?
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What is astigmatism primarily caused by?
What is astigmatism primarily caused by?
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Which condition is associated with the aging of the lens resulting in reduced flexibility?
Which condition is associated with the aging of the lens resulting in reduced flexibility?
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What visual disturbance is associated with migraine?
What visual disturbance is associated with migraine?
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What visual issue is characterized by a buildup of fluid pressure within the eye?
What visual issue is characterized by a buildup of fluid pressure within the eye?
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Which of the following conditions requires a convex lens for correction?
Which of the following conditions requires a convex lens for correction?
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What causes blurred vision when looking at close objects in hypermetropia?
What causes blurred vision when looking at close objects in hypermetropia?
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What is often a major problem in persuading individuals to recognize human factors issues?
What is often a major problem in persuading individuals to recognize human factors issues?
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Which statement accurately describes Murphy’s Law?
Which statement accurately describes Murphy’s Law?
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What misconception do many people hold regarding accidents?
What misconception do many people hold regarding accidents?
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How might recognizing Murphy’s Law benefit individuals and organizations?
How might recognizing Murphy’s Law benefit individuals and organizations?
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Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of the accidents cited?
Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of the accidents cited?
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What type of bolts did the Shift Maintenance Manager mistakenly choose for the windscreen replacement?
What type of bolts did the Shift Maintenance Manager mistakenly choose for the windscreen replacement?
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Which human factor contributed to the error made by the Shift Maintenance Manager?
Which human factor contributed to the error made by the Shift Maintenance Manager?
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What issue was caused by the improper fitting of the spoilers during maintenance of the Airbus 320?
What issue was caused by the improper fitting of the spoilers during maintenance of the Airbus 320?
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What was the primary misunderstanding among engineers regarding the adjustment of the spoilers?
What was the primary misunderstanding among engineers regarding the adjustment of the spoilers?
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What maintenance error contributed to the Airbus 320 incident?
What maintenance error contributed to the Airbus 320 incident?
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What contributed to the failure of detecting the locked spoiler during the Airbus 320 checks?
What contributed to the failure of detecting the locked spoiler during the Airbus 320 checks?
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What was the outcome of the Boeing 737-400 incident due to oil pressure loss on both engines?
What was the outcome of the Boeing 737-400 incident due to oil pressure loss on both engines?
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Which environmental factor contributed to the errors made by the Shift Maintenance Manager?
Which environmental factor contributed to the errors made by the Shift Maintenance Manager?
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What noise level is considered hazardous for an 8-hour exposure?
What noise level is considered hazardous for an 8-hour exposure?
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How much can ear plugs reduce noise levels?
How much can ear plugs reduce noise levels?
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At what noise level should hearing protection be consistently used?
At what noise level should hearing protection be consistently used?
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What is presbycusis?
What is presbycusis?
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What distance is used for a routine hearing test according to UK CAA recommendations?
What distance is used for a routine hearing test according to UK CAA recommendations?
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What should be done when noise reduction at the source is not practical?
What should be done when noise reduction at the source is not practical?
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Which of these is a common side effect of using ear protection?
Which of these is a common side effect of using ear protection?
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At what age might listening difficulties due to presbycusis start to occur?
At what age might listening difficulties due to presbycusis start to occur?
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Study Notes
Human Factors in Aviation Maintenance
- Early aviation focused on technical aspects with pilots needing courage and new skills.
- As technology improved human involvement became more significant, leading to the development of aviation human factors.
- Human factors are crucial in aircraft maintenance engineering, impacting all aspects of the job.
- Human factors in aviation encompass a broad range of considerations including aircraft cockpit design and crew resource management.
- Initially, human factors in aviation maintenance engineering were not explicitly addressed.
- Accidents, like the Aloha Airlines crash in 1988 and the BAC 1-11 windscreen accident in 1990, highlighted the importance of addressing human factors in maintenance.
Examples of human factors in maintenance
- An incident involving a BAC 1-11 windscreen replacement highlighted perceptual errors, poor lighting, working practices, and organizational factors.
- A flap change incident with an Airbus 320 involved incomplete procedures, misunderstanding of systems, and lack of briefing.
- A Boeing 737-400 oil pressure loss incident demonstrated the importance of understanding aircraft systems and the need for thorough maintenance procedures.
Murphy's Law
- Murphy's Law, which states that "if something can go wrong, it will," is relevant to human factors in aviation.
- It underscores the importance of recognizing risks and implementing improvements.
- Accidents can occur even in organizations considered "safe," highlighting the importance of acknowledging human error.
Human Vision and Maintenance
- Visual acuity and depth perception are crucial for aircraft maintenance engineers.
- Visual factors that impact perception include object size, contours, contrast, motion, distance, and angle.
- Longsightedness (Hypermetropia) is caused by a shorter eyeball, leading to blurred vision for close objects.
- Shortsightedness (Myopia) is caused by a longer eyeball, leading to blurred vision for distant objects.
- Other visual problems include cataracts, astigmatism, glaucoma, and migraines.
- Presbyopia, a form of longsightedness, occurs with age, making it difficult to focus on near objects.
Hearing and Aircraft Maintenance
- Noise exposure is a significant hazard for aircraft maintenance engineers.
- Prolonged exposure to high noise levels, exceeding 85 dB for 8 hours, can damage the inner ear.
- Ear protection should be used consistently for noise levels above 115 dB.
- Hearing protection can reduce noise levels by up to 20 dB (earplugs) and 40 dB (earmuffs), but can interfere with communication.
- Presbycusis, a natural decline in hearing, affects high-pitched sounds and can be exacerbated by noise induced hearing loss.
- Aircraft maintenance engineers should be able to hear an average conversational voice in a quiet room at a distance of 2 meters.
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Description
Explore the critical role of human factors in aviation maintenance engineering. This quiz delves into historical incidents that shaped our understanding of safety, as well as key considerations in cockpit design and crew resource management. Test your knowledge on how human elements impact aircraft maintenance practices.
