Human Error Control in Operations

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What can be a challenge for crews operating in foreign or unfamiliar airspace?

Adjustable chairs with wheels
Temperature control in the operations room
Slanted windows in the tower
Unfamiliarity with local procedures (correct)

Why might national or local ATC procedures manuals be a problem?

They are only available in digital format
They are not approved by the international aviation authority
They are not up-to-date (correct)
They are too detailed

What is a solution to cope with increased air traffic demands?

Reducing air traffic flow management
Replacing manual functions with automated versions (correct)
Increasing the number of air traffic controllers
Sectorization of the airspace

Why might sectorization of the airspace eventually become counter-productive?

It leads to extra coordination and liaison work (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is air traffic flow management (ATFM) used for?

To coordinate the planning of air traffic flow (B) Signup and view all the answers

Why are flexible use of airspace and strategic preplanning important?

To prevent problems from arising (B) Signup and view all the answers

What can be a result of systems becoming overloaded?

Flow controls have to be imposed (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is a benefit of automating human tasks such as problem solving and decision making?

Assistance for cognitive tasks (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary objective of ATFM in Europe?

To allocate departure slots and routes to aircraft still on the ground (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is the key difference between ATFM in Europe and the United States?

The ability to intervene in airborne traffic (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is required to plan traffic flows effectively?

Both experience as an air traffic controller and thorough knowledge of the area (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is one way to alleviate boredom among air traffic controllers?

Allow controllers to select the appropriate level of automated assistance (A) Signup and view all the answers

Why is it recommended to keep staffing levels adjusted?

To ensure that there is always sufficient skilled work to do (B) Signup and view all the answers

Why is it recommended to design workspaces, equipment, and tasks in a specific way?

To promote a hierarchy of skills and provide opportunities to use those skills (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is one way to reduce errors in ATC systems?

By designing controls and displays that match human characteristics (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary goal of minimizing the impact of errors in ATC systems?

To reduce the consequences of errors (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is an example of a safety buffer in ATC systems?

Cross monitoring (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is one of the lesser-known objectives of the ATC system?

Fuel conservation (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is a subsidiary but vital aim of the ATC system?

To ensure the continued provision of a workforce of controllers (C) Signup and view all the answers

Why is the input and participation of operational air traffic controllers essential in ATC systems development?

Because they are essential for ensuring the standards, policies and objectives of ATC are met (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is an example of a Liveware-software interface in ATC?

Procedures, manuals, maps and charts (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is the benefit of providing proper checklists, procedures, manuals, maps and charts in ATC systems?

To reduce errors (B) Signup and view all the answers