Podcast
Questions and Answers
What is the Method of Limits?
What is the Method of Limits?
- Color perception determined by wavelength
- Different stimuli intensities in random order
- Different stimuli intensities in sequential order (correct)
- Smallest amount of difference needed to perceive stimuli
What is the Difference Threshold?
What is the Difference Threshold?
Smallest amount of difference needed for a person to perceive two stimuli as different.
What does the Method of Constant Stimuli involve?
What does the Method of Constant Stimuli involve?
- Different stimuli intensities in random order (correct)
- Different stimuli intensities in sequential order
- Smallest difference perception
- Measuring brightness in Luminosity
What determines Color Perception?
What determines Color Perception?
What are Within Subjects experiments?
What are Within Subjects experiments?
What are Spectral Colors comprised of?
What are Spectral Colors comprised of?
What are Non-Spectral Colors?
What are Non-Spectral Colors?
Whenever possible, use experimental designs optimizes internal validity.
Whenever possible, use experimental designs optimizes internal validity.
What are Descriptive methods good for?
What are Descriptive methods good for?
What is Learnability?
What is Learnability?
Design involves designing new products, modifying existing products, and ________.
Design involves designing new products, modifying existing products, and ________.
How is Lightness physically measured?
How is Lightness physically measured?
What is a slip?
What is a slip?
What is a mistake?
What is a mistake?
What does a lapse refer to?
What does a lapse refer to?
What is a violation?
What is a violation?
What is meant by mode error?
What is meant by mode error?
What is ergonomics?
What is ergonomics?
What is an error of commission?
What is an error of commission?
What are human factors?
What are human factors?
What is a human factor?
What is a human factor?
What is an error of omission?
What is an error of omission?
What is an input error?
What is an input error?
What is an output error?
What is an output error?
What is mediation error?
What is mediation error?
What is the difference between recoverable and non-recoverable failure?
What is the difference between recoverable and non-recoverable failure?
What is successful human factors engineering (HFE)?
What is successful human factors engineering (HFE)?
What are affordances?
What are affordances?
What are the foundations of science?
What are the foundations of science?
What are the goals of science?
What are the goals of science?
What is reliability?
What is reliability?
What is the Yerkes-Dodson Law?
What is the Yerkes-Dodson Law?
What is the relationship between stress and decision making?
What is the relationship between stress and decision making?
What is external validity?
What is external validity?
What is ecological validity?
What is ecological validity?
What is the reaction time?
What is the reaction time?
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Study Notes
Human Factors Psychology Flashcards Overview
- Slip: Execution failure, e.g., taking incorrect medication.
- Mistake: Planning error, e.g., substituting butter for vegetable oil.
- Lapse: Forgotten intended action, e.g., missing email attachment.
- Violation: Intentional disregard of rules, e.g., skipping handwashing at work.
- Mode Error: Appropriate action in one mode executed in another, e.g., not shifting car from reverse.
- Ergonomics: Design study focused on fitting equipment to human body and cognitive abilities.
- Error Types:
- Commission: Performing inappropriate actions.
- Omission: Failing to perform necessary actions.
- Input and Output Errors: Issues with sensory input or physical response selection.
- Mediation Error: Cognitive misinterpretation between perception and action.
Human Factors and Performance
- Human Factors: Science of human capability application in system design.
- Operational Definition: Variables defined by measurement methods to ensure clarity.
- Independent/Dependent Variables:
- Independent: Manually adjusted by the researcher.
- Dependent: Measured outcomes sensitive to independent variables.
- Reliability: Measurement consistency; includes true effects and random error.
- Recoverable vs. Non-Recoverable Failures:
- Recoverable: Errors that can be corrected.
- Non-Recoverable: Inevitable system failures.
Stress and Arousal
- Stressors: Factors impacting performance, e.g., environmental or psychological stimuli.
- Arousal: Energy level influences performance; optimal arousal varies with task complexity.
- Yerkes-Dodson Law: Optimal performance achieved at moderate arousal levels; extremes hinder effectiveness.
- Perseveration: Repeating inappropriate responses due to stress.
Memory and Processing
- Working Memory: Contains components, including phonological loop and visuo-spatial sketchpad, heavily relies on rehearsal.
- Cognitive Stages: Sequence from sensory memory to action stage; involves perception and decision-making.
- Data vs. Resource Limited Processing: Describes limitations in sensory information intake or cognitive processing capacity.
Research Methods
- Types of Research:
- Descriptive: Observational, exploring systems without control.
- Correlational/Differential: Assesses relationships between variables.
- Experimental: Tests hypotheses through controlled conditions.
- Ecological and External Validity: Importance of reflecting real-world behaviors and generalizability of findings.
Design Principles
- Affordances: The way an object’s properties suggest its use; informs design.
- Successful HFE (Human Factors Engineering): Enhances performance, reduces errors, promotes safety, and boosts user satisfaction.
- Design Challenges: Systems need consideration for diverse user capabilities.
Measurement in Psychology
- Signal Detection Theory: Assesses perception involving presence or absence of stimuli.
- Stevens' Law: Describes relationship between physical intensity and perceived magnitude.
Goals of Human Factors
- Safety and Usability: Design systems that align with human cognitive, social, and physical characteristics for error reduction and efficiency enhancement.
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