Human Digestive System Quiz
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Questions and Answers

What is the primary function of mucous surface cells in the gastric mucosa?

  • To create mucus that protects the stomach lining (correct)
  • To produce enzymes for digestion
  • To secrete hydrochloric acid
  • To absorb nutrients from food

    • Which structure is primarily responsible for the secretion of hydrochloric acid in the stomach?

  • Parietal cells (correct)
  • G cells
  • Mucous cells
  • Chief cells

    • What is the role of the gastric intrinsic factor?

  • To stimulate gastric acid secretion
  • To initiate protein digestion
  • To facilitate vitamin B12 uptake (correct)
  • To promote absorption of water

    • Which of the following layers in the stomach wall is responsible for muscle contractions?

    <p>Muscularis externa</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which segment of the small intestine is primarily involved in digestion and absorption?

    <p>Jejunum</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the first phase of swallowing called?

    <p>Buccal Phase</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What structure seals off the nasal cavity during the pharyngeal phase?

    <p>Soft palate</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following does not describe a function of the stomach?

    <p>Chemical digestion of carbohydrates</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which part of the digestive system connects the pharynx to the stomach?

    <p>Esophagus</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the length of the esophagus?

    <p>25 cm</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of muscle contraction moves food through the esophagus?

    <p>Peristalsis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which structure enters the peritoneal cavity by passing through the esophageal hiatus?

    <p>Esophagus</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of muscle forms the lower esophageal sphincter?

    <p>Smooth muscle</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which function of the digestive system involves the breakdown of food into smaller components?

    <p>Digestion</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary role of the saliva secreted by the salivary glands?

    <p>To provide lubrication and begin carbohydrate digestion</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which organ is responsible for the secretion of bile, which is important for lipid digestion?

    <p>Liver</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In which part of the digestive system does most enzymatic digestion and absorption occur?

    <p>Small Intestine</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following processes does NOT occur in the large intestine?

    <p>Carbohydrate breakdown</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which component of the digestive tract is primarily involved in mechanical processing?

    <p>Stomach</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the term 'compaction' in the digestive system refer to?

    <p>The formation of feces</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which accessory organ stores and concentrates bile?

    <p>Gallbladder</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of the rugae in the stomach?

    <p>To facilitate expansion of the stomach</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which part of the stomach is associated with the lesser curvature?

    <p>Pylorus</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which artery is primarily associated with the greater curvature of the stomach?

    <p>Right gastroepiploic artery</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What structure connects the stomach to the duodenum?

    <p>Pylorus</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In the structure of the stomach, which surface is referred to as the greater curvature?

    <p>Lateral surface</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of cells are primarily found in the gastric mucosa?

    <p>Mucous epithelial cells</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following structures provides support to the stomach?

    <p>Lesser omentum</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is indicated by the gastric pits in the stomach?

    <p>Entrances for gastric glands</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What role does the greater omentum play in the anatomy of the stomach?

    <p>Acts as a barrier to infection</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which area is NOT a part of the stomach anatomy?

    <p>Cecum</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of the ileum in the small intestine?

    <p>Controlling flow of materials into the cecum</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which structure in the small intestine contains capillaries that absorb nutrients?

    <p>Villi</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What role do enteroendocrine cells play in the small intestine?

    <p>Produce intestinal hormones</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following statements about the jejunum is correct?

    <p>It primarily absorbs fats and carbohydrates.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which layer of the small intestine is responsible for muscle contractions that move contents through the digestive tract?

    <p>Muscularis externa</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of lacteals in the small intestine?

    <p>Absorbing fats and other large lipoprotein complexes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which component does NOT contribute to the absorption process in the small intestine?

    <p>Goblet cells</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of the submucosal glands found in the duodenum?

    <p>To neutralize gastric acid</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which structure is primarily involved in increasing the surface area for absorption in the small intestine?

    <p>Plicae circulares</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT a region of the small intestine?

    <p>Rectum</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of the circular muscle layer in the digestive tract?

    <p>To create peristaltic waves for propulsion</p> Signup and view all the answers

    During segmentation in the small intestine, what is the role of the circular muscle layers?

    <p>To churn and mix the contents without producing net movement</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the greater omentum primarily function to do?

    <p>Provide an apron-like covering for internal organs</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which layer of the digestive tract primarily contains the myenteric plexus?

    <p>Muscularis externa</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the correct order of contraction occurring during peristalsis?

    <p>Contraction of circular muscles before longitudinal muscles</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which anatomical structure helps prevent the entanglement of digestive organs?

    <p>Mesenteries</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What role does the submucosal plexus serve within the digestive system?

    <p>regulates secretion of digestive enzymes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which structure acts as a connection between the liver and stomach?

    <p>Lesser omentum</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of the muscularis mucosae?

    <p>Facilitate secretion of digestive juices</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which component is typically found within the submucosa?

    <p>Lymphatic vessels</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which muscle layer is primarily responsible for the longitudinal movement in the digestive tract?

    <p>Longitudinal muscle layer</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the falciform ligament primarily support?

    <p>Liver</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which structure stabilizes the position of the intestines and blood vessels as part of the peritoneal cavity?

    <p>Mesenteries</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary role of the salivary glands?

    <p>Moistening food and initiating digestion</p> Signup and view all the answers

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