Digestive
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Questions and Answers

a continuous coiled hollow muscular tube that winds through the ventral body cavity from mouth to anus

Alimentary canal

is a fleshy finger like projection of the soft palate which dongles from the posterior edge of the soft palate

Uvula

a fold of mucous membrane secures the tongue to the floor of the mouth and limits its posterior movements

Lingual frenulum

occupies the floor of the mouth

<p>Tongue</p> Signup and view all the answers

the space between the lips and the chicks externally and the teeth and gums internally is the

<p>Vestibule</p> Signup and view all the answers

runs from the pharynx to the diaphragm to the stomach about 25 cm long and essentially a passageway that conducts food by peristalsis to the stomach

<p>Esophagus</p> Signup and view all the answers

it is soft connective tissue containing blood vessels nerve endings mucosa associated lymphoid tissue and the lymphatic vessels

<p>Submucosa</p> Signup and view all the answers

is a muscle layer typically made up of an inner circular layer and an outer longitudinal layer of smooth muscle cells

<p>Muscularis externa</p> Signup and view all the answers

runs from the pharynx to the diaphragm to the stomach

<p>Esophagus</p> Signup and view all the answers

is the innermost layer a moist mucous membrane that lines the hollow cavity or lumen of the organ

<p>Mucosa</p> Signup and view all the answers

is formed when two layers of peritoneum are fused together routes for nerves blood vessels and lymphatic vessels are found between the layers

<p>Mesentery</p> Signup and view all the answers

what are the two important intrinsic nerve plexuses in the alimentary canal wall

<p>Submucosal nerve plexuses and myenteric nerve plexuses</p> Signup and view all the answers

is the expanded part of the stomach lateral to the cordial region

<p>Fundus</p> Signup and view all the answers

is the expanded part of the stomach lateral to the cardial region

<p>Fundus</p> Signup and view all the answers

a double layer of peritoneum extends from the liver to the lesser curvature of the stomach.

<p>Lesser omentum</p> Signup and view all the answers

another extension of the peritoneum that drips downward and covers the abdominal organs like a lazy apron before attaching to the posterior body wall

<p>Greater omentum</p> Signup and view all the answers

acts as a temporary storage tank for food as well as a site for food breakdown

<p>Stomach</p> Signup and view all the answers

produce inactive protein digesting enzymes mostly pepsinogen

<p>Chief cells</p> Signup and view all the answers

a substance needed for absorption of vitamin b12 in the small intestine

<p>Intrinsic factor</p> Signup and view all the answers

produce corrosive hydrochloric acid which makes the stomach contents acidic and activates the enzymes as in the conversion of pepsinogen to pepsin

<p>Parietal cells</p> Signup and view all the answers

produce local hormones such as gastrin that are important in regulating the digestive activities of the stomach

<p>Enteroendocrine cells</p> Signup and view all the answers

hormone that stimulates release of gastric juice and stimulates stomach emptying

<p>Gastrin</p> Signup and view all the answers

stimulates gastric secretion and emptying

<p>Intestinal gastrin</p> Signup and view all the answers

activate parietal cells to secrete hydrochloric acid

<p>Histamine</p> Signup and view all the answers

hormone that inhibits secretion of gastric juice and pancreatic juice and inhibits emptying of stomach and gallbladder

<p>Somatostatin</p> Signup and view all the answers

hormone that inhibits gastric motility and gastric gland secretion

<p>Secretin</p> Signup and view all the answers

hormone that increases bile output by liver

<p>Secretin</p> Signup and view all the answers

hormone that inhibits gastric motility and gastric gland secretion

<p>Secretin</p> Signup and view all the answers

hormones that increases output of enzyme which pancreatic juice

<p>Cholecystokinin</p> Signup and view all the answers

hormone that stimulates gallbladder to expel stored by

<p>Cholecystokinin</p> Signup and view all the answers

hormone that relaxes sphincter of duodenal papilla to allow bile and pancreatic juice to enter the duodenum

<p>Cholecystokinin</p> Signup and view all the answers

hormone that inhibits secretion of gastric juice and stimulates insulin release

<p>Gastric inhibitory polypeptide</p> Signup and view all the answers

after food has been processed in the stomach and the thick like heavy cream and is called

<p>Chyme</p> Signup and view all the answers

it protects the stomach wall from being digested

<p>Alkaline mucus</p> Signup and view all the answers

what are the three subdivision of small intestine

<p>Duodenum, jejunum, and ileum</p> Signup and view all the answers

what are the three structures in the small intestine that increase the absorptive surface area tremendously

<p>Villi, microvilli, and circular folds</p> Signup and view all the answers

are finger like projections of the mucosa that gives it a velvety appearance and feel much like the soft nap of a towel

<p>Villi</p> Signup and view all the answers

are tiny projections of the plasma membranes of the mucosa cells that give the cell surface of fuzzy appearance sometimes referred to as the brush border

<p>Microvilli</p> Signup and view all the answers

they form an internal corkscrew slide to increase surface area and force chyme to travel slowly through the small intestines of nutrients can be absorbed efficiently

<p>Circular folds or plicae circulares</p> Signup and view all the answers

controls the movement of chyme into the small intestine from the stomach and prevents the small intestine from being overwhelmed

<p>Pyloric sphincter</p> Signup and view all the answers

it is the exposed part of the tooth above the gingiva or gum

<p>Crown</p> Signup and view all the answers

a ceramic like substance a thick as a dime that directly bears the force of chewing it is the hardest substance in the body and is fairly brittle because it is heavily mineralized with calcium salt

<p>Enamel</p> Signup and view all the answers

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